Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street, Suite 301, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2014 Feb;71(3):405-18. doi: 10.1007/s00018-013-1433-y. Epub 2013 Aug 3.
DNA methylation has been studied comprehensively and linked to both normal neurodevelopment and neurological diseases. The recent identification of several new DNA modifications, including 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, 5-formylcytosine, and 5-carboxylcytosine, has given us a new perspective on the previously observed plasticity in 5mC-dependent regulatory processes. Here, we review the latest research into these cytosine modifications, focusing mainly on their roles in neurodevelopment and diseases.
DNA 甲基化已得到全面研究，并与正常神经发育和神经疾病相关联。最近鉴定出几种新的 DNA 修饰，包括 5-羟甲基胞嘧啶、5-甲酰胞嘧啶和 5-羧基胞嘧啶，为我们提供了一个新的视角，即以前在 5mC 依赖的调节过程中观察到的可塑性。在这里，我们综述了这些胞嘧啶修饰的最新研究，主要集中在它们在神经发育和疾病中的作用。
