[中国福建省三个主要城市冬季细颗粒物（PM2.5）中有机碳（OC）和元素碳（EC）的特征分析]

[Characterization of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) in PM2.5 during the winter in three major cities in Fujian province, China].

作者信息

Chen Yan-ting, Chen Jin-sheng, Hu Gong-ren, Xu Ling-ling, Yin Li-qian, Zhang Fu-wang

机构信息

Environmental Science and Engineering Department, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.

出版信息

Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2013 May;34(5):1988-94.

PMID:23914558

Abstract

PM2.5 samples were collected in three cities (Fuzhou, Xiamen and Quanzhou) in Fujian Province, China, during the winter, and were analyzed for organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) by thermal optical transmission (TOT). The characteristics such as pollution levels and spatial distributions of PM2.5, OC and EC, correlations between OC and EC, OC/EC ratios and secondary organic carbon (SOC) were discussed in details. Average concentrations of PM2.5 were ranged from (79.94 +/- 18.08) microg(-3) to (114.78 +/- 26.10) microg x m(-3), which were in excess of the Ambient Air Quality Standards (GB 3095-2012) 24-hr mass-based standards of 75 microg x m(-3). Averages concentrations of OC and EC were fluctuated from (14.77 +/- 2.65) microg x m(-3) to (19.27 +/- 1.96) microg x m(-3) and (1.99 +/- 0.50) microg x m(-3) to (3.36 +/- 0.41) microg x m(-3), respectively, which were 1.2 to 1.6 times and 1.2 to 2.0 times more than that in the background site, Pingtan in Fuzhou. Correlations between OC and EC in PM2.5 were found to be strong in Pingtan (R2 = 0.70) and Jin'an (R2 = 0.66) (Fuzhou) , suggesting that there were similar primary pollutants of OC and EC. Average OC/EC ratios were 5.64-7.71 and all higher than 2, which indicated that the secondary organic carbon (SOC) was formed. The estimated concentrations of SOC were from 2.47 microg x m3 to 7.17 microg x m(-3), which contributed 13.08%-45.67% to the OC and 2.20%-7.78% to PM2.5.

摘要

冬季期间，在中国福建省的三个城市（福州、厦门和泉州）采集了PM2.5样本，并通过热光透射（TOT）法对有机碳（OC）和元素碳（EC）进行了分析。详细讨论了PM2.5、OC和EC的污染水平、空间分布、OC与EC之间的相关性、OC/EC比值以及二次有机碳（SOC）等特征。PM2.5的平均浓度范围为（79.94±18.08）μg·m⁻³至（114.78±26.10）μg·m⁻³，超过了《环境空气质量标准》（GB 3095 - 2012）中24小时质量基准标准75μg·m⁻³。OC和EC的平均浓度分别在（14.77±2.65）μg·m⁻³至（19.27±1.96）μg·m⁻³以及（1.99±0.50）μg·m⁻³至（3.36±0.41）μg·m⁻³之间波动，分别是福州平潭背景点的1.2至1.6倍和1.2至2.0倍。在平潭（R² = 0.70）和晋安（R² = 0.66）（福州）发现PM2.5中OC与EC之间的相关性很强，这表明OC和EC存在相似的一次污染物。平均OC/EC比值为5.64 - 7.71，均高于2，这表明形成了二次有机碳（SOC）。SOC的估计浓度为2.47μg·m⁻³至7.17μg·m⁻³，占OC的13.08% - 45.67%，占PM2.5的2.20% - 7.78%。