Department of Psychology, University of Florida.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2013 Oct;105(4):688-702. doi: 10.1037/a0033769. Epub 2013 Aug 5.
This research examined the influence of a romantic partner's success or failure on one's own implicit and explicit self-esteem. In Experiment 1, men had lower implicit self-esteem when their partner did well at a "social intelligence" task than when their partner did poorly. Women's implicit self-esteem was unaffected by partner performance. Experiments 2 and 3 showed that Dutch men's implicit self-esteem was negatively affected by their romantic partner's success. In Experiment 4, we replicated Experiments 1-3 in both the academic and social domains, and in Experiment 5, we demonstrated that men's implicit self-esteem is negatively influenced by thinking about a romantic partner's success both when the success is relative and when it is not. In sum, men's implicit self-esteem is lower when a partner succeeds than when a partner fails, whereas women's implicit self-esteem is not. These gender differences have important implications for understanding social comparison in romantic relationships.
这项研究考察了伴侣的成功或失败对自身内隐和外显自尊的影响。在实验 1 中，当伴侣在“社交智力”任务中表现出色时，男性的内隐自尊会降低，而当伴侣表现不佳时，女性的内隐自尊则不受影响。实验 2 和 3 表明，荷兰男性的内隐自尊会因伴侣的成功而受到负面影响。在实验 4 中，我们在学术和社交领域重复了实验 1-3，在实验 5 中，我们证明了当成功是相对的和不是相对的时，男性的内隐自尊都会受到对伴侣成功的思考的负面影响。总之，当伴侣成功时，男性的内隐自尊会比伴侣失败时更低，而女性的内隐自尊则不受影响。这些性别差异对理解恋爱关系中的社会比较具有重要意义。
