VU University Amsterdam, Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2013 Aug;1294:1-104. doi: 10.1111/nyas.12200.
In the aftermaths of Hurricanes Irene, in 2011, and Sandy, in 2012, New York City has come to recognize the critical need to better prepare for future storm surges and to anticipate future trends, such as climate change and socio-economic developments. The research presented in this report assesses the costs of six different flood management strategies to anticipate long-term challenges the City will face. The proposed strategies vary from increasing resilience by upgrading building codes and introducing small scale protection measures, to creating green infrastructure as buffer zones and large protective engineering works such as storm surge barriers. The initial investment costs of alternative strategies vary between $11.6 and $23.8 bn, maximally. We show that a hybrid solution, combining protection of critical infrastructure and resilience measures that can be upgraded over time, is less expensive. However, with increasing risk in the future, storm surge barriers may become cost-effective, as they can provide protection to the largest areas in both New York and New Jersey.
在 2011 年的艾琳飓风和 2012 年的桑迪飓风之后，纽约市认识到必须更好地为未来的风暴潮做好准备，并预测未来的趋势，如气候变化和社会经济发展。本报告中提出的研究评估了六种不同的洪水管理策略的成本，以应对该市未来将面临的长期挑战。拟议的策略从通过升级建筑规范和引入小规模保护措施来提高韧性，到创建绿色基础设施作为缓冲区和大型防护工程（如风暴潮屏障）不等。替代策略的初始投资成本最高可达 116 亿美元至 238 亿美元。我们表明，结合保护关键基础设施和可以随着时间升级的韧性措施的混合解决方案成本更低。然而，随着未来风险的增加，风暴潮屏障可能变得具有成本效益，因为它们可以为纽约和新泽西的最大区域提供保护。
