Johnson G, Bogduk N, Nowitzke A, House D
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle, UK.
Clin Biomech (Bristol). 1994 Jan;9(1):44-50. doi: 10.1016/0268-0033(94)90057-4.
Dissection studies revealed the fascicular anatomy of the trapezius. Its occipital and nuchal fibres passed downwards but mainly transversely to insert into the clavicle. Fibres from C7 and T1 passed transversely to reach the acromion and spine of the scapula. Its thoracic fibres converged to the deltoid tubercle of the scapula. Volumetric studies demonstrated that the fibres from C7, T1, and the lower half of ligamentum nuchae were the largest. The essentially transverse orientation of the upper and middle fibres of trapezius precludes any action as elevators of the scapula as commonly depicted. Rather the action of these fibres is to draw the scapula and clavicle backwards or to raise the scapula by rotating the clavicle about the sternoclavicular joint. By balancing moments the trapezius relieves the cervical spine of compression loads.
解剖学研究揭示了斜方肌的束状结构。其枕部和项部纤维向下走行，但主要是横向走行，插入锁骨。来自C7和T1的纤维横向走行，到达肩峰和肩胛冈。其胸部纤维汇聚于肩胛骨关节盂结节。体积研究表明，来自C7、T1和项韧带下半部的纤维最大。斜方肌上、中纤维基本呈横向走行，这排除了其像通常所描述的那样作为肩胛骨上提肌的任何作用。相反，这些纤维的作用是将肩胛骨和锁骨向后牵拉，或通过使锁骨围绕胸锁关节旋转来抬高肩胛骨。通过平衡力矩，斜方肌减轻了颈椎的压缩负荷。
