Toxicology Area, National Centre for Environmental Health, ISCIII Health Institute, Ctra Majadahonda-Pozuelo km 2, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
Chemosphere. 2013 Oct;93(6):1194-200. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.06.074. Epub 2013 Jul 31.
The gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) are being increasingly used because of their huge diversity of applications, and consequently, elevated levels in the environment are expected. However, due to their physico-chemical properties and functionalization a high variety of Au-NPs can be found, and complete toxicological information for each type of Au-NPs still lacks, and even, the toxicological information for the same species is sometimes contradictory. Therefore, hazard assessment should be done case by case. Hence, the objective of this study was to obtain ecotoxicological information of the same Au-NPs in aquatic organisms and to find a rationale for Au-NPs toxicity. For such a purpose, bare and hyaluronic acid capped Au-NPs (12.5 nm) along with Au-NPs bulk material were tested on freshwater algae, Daphnia and zebrafish. Results showed that while gold nanoparticles were found to be harmless to the tested organisms, the soluble gold showed to be toxic to algae and Daphnia, with an LC50 between 1 and 2 mg L(-1). Comparing our results with those gathered in the literature, it appears that a common hazard assessment of Au-NPs on the studied organisms can be elucidated.
金纳米粒子（Au-NPs）由于其广泛的应用而被越来越多地使用，因此预计其在环境中的含量会升高。然而，由于其物理化学性质和功能化，我们可以发现各种各样的 Au-NPs，而且每种类型的 Au-NPs 的完整毒理学信息仍然缺乏，甚至对于同一种物质的毒理学信息有时也存在矛盾。因此，应该逐一进行危害评估。因此，本研究的目的是获得水生生物中相同 Au-NPs 的生态毒理学信息，并为 Au-NPs 的毒性寻找合理依据。为此，我们用裸金纳米粒子和透明质酸包裹的金纳米粒子（12.5nm）以及金纳米粒子块状材料对淡水藻类、水蚤和斑马鱼进行了测试。结果表明，虽然金纳米粒子对测试生物无害，但可溶性金对藻类和水蚤表现出毒性，其 LC50 在 1 到 2mg/L 之间。将我们的结果与文献中的结果进行比较，似乎可以阐明对研究生物进行 Au-NPs 共同危害评估的方法。
