Freitas Brunnella Alcantara Chagas de, Peloso Mirene, Silveira Guilherme Lobo da, Longo Giana Zarbato
Rev Bras Ter Intensiva. 2012 Jun;24(2):179-83.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia at a neonatal intensive care unit.
The study was a cross-sectional study that used secondary data from premature infants who were born with less than 32 weeks of gestational age and were admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit. Chi-square, Mann-Whitney and multivariate tests were used. Significance was set at p<0.05.
A total of 88 premature infants were included in the study. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia occurred in 27.3% of the infants and was related to having a gestational age below 28 weeks (OR: 4.80; 95% CI: 1.50-15.34; p=0.008) and a patent ductus arteriosus (OR: 3.44; 95% CI: 1.10-10.76; p=0.034). The group with bronchopulmonary dysplasia used mechanical ventilation for a longer duration, with a median of 24.5 days (p<0.0001). At discharge, the corrected and chronological ages were higher in the group with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (p<0.0001), with respective medians of 38.4 weeks and 70.5 days.
In this study, the prevalence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia was high; the high prevalence was related to extreme prematurity, patent ductus arteriosus, a longer period under mechanical ventilation and prolonged hospitalization. The increased survival of infants with low gestational age makes this disorder a public health issue.
本研究旨在评估新生儿重症监护病房支气管肺发育不良的患病率及相关因素。
本研究为横断面研究，使用来自孕周小于32周且入住新生儿重症监护病房的早产儿的二手数据。采用卡方检验、曼-惠特尼检验和多变量检验。显著性设定为p<0.05。
本研究共纳入88例早产儿。27.3%的婴儿发生支气管肺发育不良，与孕周低于28周（比值比：4.80；95%置信区间：1.50 - 15.34；p = 0.008）和动脉导管未闭（比值比：3.44；95%置信区间：1.10 - 10.76；p = 0.034）有关。支气管肺发育不良组机械通气时间更长，中位数为24.5天（p<0.0001）。出院时，支气管肺发育不良组的矫正年龄和实际年龄更高（p<0.0001），中位数分别为38.4周和70.5天。
在本研究中，支气管肺发育不良的患病率较高；高患病率与极早产、动脉导管未闭、机械通气时间延长和住院时间延长有关。低孕周婴儿存活率的提高使这种疾病成为一个公共卫生问题。
