Altria Client Services Inc., 601 East Jackson Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA.
Altria Client Services Inc., 601 East Jackson Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA.
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2014 Mar;68(2):269-74. doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2013.07.013. Epub 2013 Aug 3.
The objective of this work was to characterize trends over time in urinary excretion of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) among cigarette smokers in the US. We identified 35 studies presenting data that either reported, or could be converted to, common units of total urinary NNAL excretion as pmol/mg creatinine. The studies spanned 18years, reported urinary NNAL excretion estimates for 61 defined populations, and included a combined total of 3941 study participants. Analyses show that urinary NNAL excretion trends downward with study publication year, and the trend is statistically significant. The trend does not appear to be accounted for by a reduction in cigarettes smoked per day by study participants over the same time period. This trend is consistent with reductions in tobacco specific nitrosamine (TSNA) levels in both cigarette tobacco filler and mainstream cigarette smoke observed over the past decade and with efforts by the tobacco industry and the agricultural community to reduce levels of TSNAs in tobacco and cigarette smoke.
本研究旨在描述美国烟民尿液中 4-（甲基亚硝氨基）-1-（3-吡啶基）-1-丁醇（NNAL）排泄随时间的变化趋势。我们共鉴定出 35 项研究，这些研究提供的数据或可转换为以 pmol/mg 肌酐为单位的总尿 NNAL 排泄的常见单位。这些研究跨越 18 年，报告了 61 个定义明确的人群的尿 NNAL 排泄估计值，总共包括 3941 名研究参与者。分析表明，尿液 NNAL 排泄随研究发表年份呈下降趋势，且该趋势具有统计学意义。该趋势似乎与同一时期研究参与者每天吸烟量的减少无关。这一趋势与过去十年中观察到的卷烟填充烟草和主流卷烟烟雾中烟草特异性亚硝胺（TSNA）水平的降低以及烟草业和农业社区为降低烟草和卷烟烟雾中 TSNA 水平所做的努力相一致。
