Wills Amanda G, Carey Gregory
Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
Twin Res Hum Genet. 2013 Oct;16(5):970-6. doi: 10.1017/thg.2013.51. Epub 2013 Aug 8.
Both peer groups and genetics have been associated with adolescent smoking behavior. Recently, Loehlin (Loehlin, J. C. (2010). Is there an active gene-environment correlation in adolescent drinking behavior? Behavior Genetics, 40, 447-451) reported that twin differences in alcohol use were associated with differences in the number of common friends. Twins with more common friends were more similar in drinking, but only for dizygotic pairs. Using the same sample as Loehlin's (the National Merit twins), we replicated all of these findings for a composite cigarette smoking measure and for smoking initiation, but not persistence. The pattern of results is most consistent with homophily, or the tendency to associate with individuals that are like oneself. If peer influence occurs in the presence of homophily, then active genotype-environment correlation will be induced.
同伴群体和基因都与青少年吸烟行为有关。最近，洛林（Loehlin, J. C. (2010). 青少年饮酒行为中是否存在主动的基因-环境相关性？行为遗传学，40, 447 - 451）报告称，酒精使用方面的双胞胎差异与共同朋友数量的差异有关。有更多共同朋友的双胞胎在饮酒方面更相似，但仅适用于异卵双胞胎。使用与洛林相同的样本（国家优秀奖学金双胞胎），我们针对综合吸烟指标和吸烟起始情况重复了所有这些发现，但未涉及持续吸烟情况。结果模式与同质性最为一致，即与和自己相似的个体交往的倾向。如果在同质性存在的情况下发生同伴影响，那么就会引发主动的基因型-环境相关性。
