Field of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.
Langmuir. 2013 Sep 10;29(36):11310-6. doi: 10.1021/la400937r. Epub 2013 Aug 26.
It is well-known that surface tension and surface energy are distinct quantities for solids. Each can be regarded as a thermodynamic property related first by Shuttleworth. Mullins and others have suggested that the difference between surface tension and surface energy cannot be sustained and that the two will approach each other over time. In this work we show that in a single-component system where changes in elastic energy can be neglected, the chemical potential difference between the surface and bulk is proportional to the difference between surface tension and surface energy. By further assuming that mass transfer is driven by this chemical potential difference, we establish a model for the kinetics by which mass transfer removes the difference between surface tension and surface energy.
众所周知，对于固体来说，表面张力和表面能是两个截然不同的量。这两个量都可以被看作是与 Shuttleworth 首先相关的热力学性质。Mullins 和其他人认为，表面张力和表面能之间的差异不能持续存在，并且这两个量会随着时间的推移而接近。在这项工作中，我们表明，在弹性能量变化可以忽略的单一组分系统中，表面和体相之间的化学势差与表面张力和表面能之间的差异成正比。通过进一步假设质量转移是由这种化学势差驱动的，我们建立了一个模型，用于研究质量转移消除表面张力和表面能之间差异的动力学。
