UTHealth School of Public Health, Austin Regional Campus Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, Austin, TX, USA.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2013 Aug 8;10:95. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-10-95.
Studies of neighborhood context on health behavior have not considered that the health benefits of context may be 'capitalized' into, or included in, higher housing values. This study examines the associations of better neighborhood context with neighborhood housing values.
We use the third wave of Add Health (2000-2001) to estimate the association of neighborhood contextual variables and housing values first across then within income types. This is a census block group-level analysis.
We find that neighborhood context, especially access to fruit and vegetable outlets, is capitalized into, or associated with, higher housing values. Fast food and convenience store access are associated with lower housing values. Capitalization differs by income quartile of the neighborhood. Even those in the poorest neighborhoods value access to fresh fruits and vegetables, and those in the wealthier neighborhoods value activity resources. All neighborhood incomes types place negative value on fast food access and convenience store access.
Access to health-related contextual attributes is capitalized into higher housing prices. Access to fresh fruits and vegetables is valued in neighborhoods of all income levels. Modeling these associations by neighborhood income levels helps explain the mixed results in the literature on the built environment in terms of linking health outcomes to access.
关于邻里环境对健康行为影响的研究尚未考虑到环境的健康效益可能会被“资本化”，或者包含在更高的房价中。本研究探讨了更好的邻里环境与邻里住房价值之间的关联。
我们使用“青少年健康追踪调查”（Add Health）的第三波数据（2000-2001 年），首先在不同收入类型的邻里间，然后在同一收入类型的邻里内，估计邻里环境变量和住房价值之间的关联。这是一种基于普查街区组级别的分析。
我们发现，邻里环境，特别是获取水果和蔬菜销售点的机会，被资本化或与更高的住房价值相关。快餐和便利店的获取与较低的住房价值相关。资本化的程度因邻里收入的四分位数而异。即使是那些生活在最贫困社区的人也重视获取新鲜水果和蔬菜的机会，而那些生活在较富裕社区的人则重视活动资源。所有邻里收入类型都对快餐和便利店的获取持负面态度。
获取与健康相关的环境属性会被资本化到更高的房价中。在所有收入水平的社区中，人们都重视获取新鲜水果和蔬菜。通过邻里收入水平来模拟这些关联，可以解释关于建筑环境与健康结果之间联系的文献中存在的混合结果。
