Dalhousie University, 5981 University Avenue, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2013 Aug;134(2):1031-8. doi: 10.1121/1.4812274.
The development of a piezoelectric hydrophone based on lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate [PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3-PbTiO3 (PMN-PT)] single-crystal piezoelectric as the hydrophone substrate is reported. Although PMN-PT can possess much higher piezoelectric sensitivity than traditional lead zirconate titanate (PZT) piezoelectrics, it is highly anisotropic and therefore there is a large gain in sensitivity only when the crystal structure is oriented in a specific direction. Because of this, simply replacing the PZT substrate with a PMN-PT cylinder is not an optimal solution because the crystal orientation does not uniformly align with the circumferential axis of the hydrophone. Therefore, a composite hydrophone that maintains the optimal crystal axis around the hydrophone circumference has been developed. An 11.3 mm diameter composite hydrophone cylinder was fabricated from a single <110> cut PMN-PT rectangular plate. Solid end caps were applied to the cylinder and the sensitivity was directly compared with a solid PZT-5A cylindrical hydrophone of equal dimensions in a hydrophone test tank. The charge sensitivity showed a 9.1 dB improvement over the PZT hydrophone and the voltage sensitivity showed a 3.5 dB improvement. This was in good agreement with the expected theoretical improvements of 10.1 and 4.5 dB, respectively.
本文报道了一种基于铌镁酸铅-钛酸铅（PMN-PT）单晶压电作为水听器衬底的压电水听器的研制。虽然 PMN-PT 比传统的锆钛酸铅（PZT）压电器件具有更高的压电灵敏度，但它具有很强的各向异性，因此只有当晶体结构沿特定方向取向时，灵敏度才有较大的提高。因此，简单地用 PMN-PT 圆柱代替 PZT 衬底并不是一个最佳的解决方案，因为晶体取向并不与水听器的圆周轴均匀一致。因此，已经开发出一种保持水听器周围最佳晶体轴的复合水听器。一个 11.3 毫米直径的复合水听器圆柱由一个单一的<110>切割 PMN-PT 矩形板制成。在圆柱上施加固体端盖，并在水听器测试池中直接将其灵敏度与尺寸相等的实心 PZT-5A 圆柱水听器进行比较。电荷灵敏度比 PZT 水听器提高了 9.1dB，电压灵敏度提高了 3.5dB。这与预期的理论提高值 10.1dB 和 4.5dB 非常吻合。
