Department of Communication Disorders, University of Massachusetts, 358 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2013 Aug;134(2):1183-92. doi: 10.1121/1.4807824.
Priming is demonstrated when prior information about the content of a distorted, filtered, or masked auditory message improves its clarity. The current experiment attempted to quantify aspects of priming by determining its effects on performance and bias in a lowpass-filter-cutoff frequency discrimination task. Nonsense sentences recorded by a female talker were sharply lowpass filtered at a nominal cutoff frequency (F) of 0.5 or 0.75 kHz or at a higher cutoff frequency (F + ΔF). The listeners' task was to determine which interval of a two-interval-forced-choice trial contained the nonsense sentence filtered with F + ΔF. On priming trials, the interval 1 sentence was displayed on a computer screen prior to the auditory portion of the trial. The prime markedly affected bias, increasing the number of correct and incorrect interval 1 responses but did not affect overall discrimination performance substantially. These findings were supported through a second experiment that required listeners to make confidence judgments. The paradigm has the potential to help quantify the limits of speech perception when uncertainty about the auditory message is removed.
启动是指当有关失真、滤波或掩蔽的听觉信息的先前信息提高其清晰度时表现出来的现象。本实验试图通过确定其在低通滤波器截止频率辨别任务中的性能和偏差的影响来量化启动的各个方面。由女性说话者录制的无意义句子在名义截止频率 (F) 为 0.5 或 0.75 kHz 或更高的截止频率 (F + ΔF) 处进行急剧的低通滤波。听众的任务是确定两间隔强制选择试验中哪个间隔包含用 F + ΔF 滤波的无意义句子。在启动试验中，在试验的听觉部分之前在计算机屏幕上显示间隔 1 句子。启动明显影响偏差，增加了正确和错误间隔 1 响应的数量，但对整体辨别性能没有显著影响。这些发现得到了第二个要求听众做出置信度判断的实验的支持。该范式有可能有助于量化当消除对听觉信息的不确定性时言语感知的限制。
