BMC Infect Dis. 2013 Aug 8;13:369. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-13-369.
Mayaro virus is endemic in South America and sporadic outbreaks have been described. It causes a dengue-like febrile illness accompanied by severe and long-lasting polyarthralgias. Outside endemic regions, however, the disease is not well known and can be misdiagnosed as dengue. International travellers are at risk to acquire Mayaro virus and due to increased worldwide travel infectious disease specialists need to be aware of such rare clinical entities.
We report the first Mayaro virus infection imported into Germany. A 20-year-old woman developed fever, myalgia, maculopapular rash, and polyarthralgias following a 10-day trip in the Rurrenabaque region of Bolivia. Severe polyarthralgias persisted for 5 months and were treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Serological analysis demonstrated Mayaro virus-specific-IgM and -IgG antibodies two months after onset of symptoms. Except for CXCL8/IL-8 other proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines were unremarkable at this time.
Dissemination of knowledge on rare disease might improve patient management. Understanding the inherent features of Mayaro virus infection and how the virus interacts with its host are essential for optimal patient care and therapy.
马亚罗病毒在南美洲流行，偶有散发病例报道。它会引起类似登革热的发热疾病，并伴有严重且持久的多发性关节炎。然而，在流行地区之外，这种疾病并不为人所知，可能会被误诊为登革热。国际旅行者有感染马亚罗病毒的风险，由于全球旅行的增加，传染病专家需要了解这些罕见的临床实体。
我们报告了首例输入德国的马亚罗病毒感染。一名 20 岁女性在玻利维亚鲁雷纳瓦克地区旅行 10 天后出现发热、肌痛、斑丘疹和多发性关节炎。严重的多发性关节炎持续了 5 个月，并接受了非甾体抗炎药治疗。症状出现两个月后，血清学分析显示马亚罗病毒特异性 IgM 和 IgG 抗体。此时，除 CXCL8/IL-8 外，其他促炎趋化因子和细胞因子无明显异常。
传播罕见疾病的相关知识可能会改善患者的管理。了解马亚罗病毒感染的固有特征以及病毒与宿主的相互作用对于提供最佳的患者护理和治疗至关重要。
