Prinds Christina, Hvidt Niels Christian, Mogensen Ole, Buus Niels
University of Southern Denmark, Institute of Public Health, J.B. Winsløws Vej 9B, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark.
Odense University Hospital, Department of Gynaechology and Obstetrics, Sdr. Boulevard 29, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark.
Midwifery. 2014 Jun;30(6):733-41. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2013.06.021. Epub 2013 Aug 5.
to provide a thematic overview of the existing literature on existential meaning-making related to transition to motherhood among mothers of full term born babies in Western oriented countries and to discuss the themes from a existential psychology perspective.
the review follows the approach of a scoping review. Systematic searches in the electronic databases PubMed, CINAHL and PsycINFO were combined with manual and electronic searches for related references. Studies published between 1990 and 2010 examining dimensions of existential meaning-making in transition to motherhood were selected. Eleven papers were included in the synthesis, all using qualitative interviews. The following data were extracted from each study: (a) author(s), year of publication, study location, (b) aims of the study, (c) participants, (d) research design, (e) data collection method, (f) outcome measures, and (g) results.
the studies were synthesised in a thematisation on the basis of the existential psychotherapist and philosopher Emmy van Deurzen's concepts of four interwoven life dimensions, through which we experience, interpret, and act in the world: Umwelt, Mitwelt, Eigenwelt, and Überwelt.
the findings in this review suggest that transition to motherhood is considered a pivotal and paradoxical life event. Through the lens of existential psychology it can be interpreted as an existentially changing event, reorganising values and what makes life worth living, and to some women also being interpreted as a spiritual experience. However, in present maternity services there is a predominant focus on biomedical issues, which sets the arena for motherhood transition, and the issues related to potentially existentially changing experiences, are not considered important. Without an integrative approach, where personal meaning-making issues are discussed, the potential for growth during existential authenticity is not utilised. Transition to motherhood raises existential questions about mortality and meaning of life, and we should explore this field in research and in clinical work.
对西方国家足月产婴儿母亲中与成为母亲的转变相关的存在意义构建的现有文献进行主题概述，并从存在心理学角度讨论这些主题。
本综述采用范围综述的方法。在电子数据库PubMed、CINAHL和PsycINFO中进行系统检索，并结合手动和电子检索相关参考文献。选取1990年至2010年间发表的研究成为母亲转变过程中存在意义构建维度的研究。综合分析纳入了11篇论文，均采用定性访谈。从每项研究中提取以下数据：（a）作者、发表年份、研究地点，（b）研究目的，（c）参与者，（d）研究设计，（e）数据收集方法，（f）结果测量，以及（g）结果。
这些研究基于存在心理治疗师兼哲学家埃米·范·德·尔岑的四个相互交织的生活维度概念进行主题化综合，我们通过这些维度在世界中体验、解释和行动：周围世界、共同世界、自我世界和超越世界。
本综述的结果表明，成为母亲的转变被视为一个关键且矛盾的生活事件。从存在心理学的角度来看，它可以被解释为一个存在性变化的事件，重塑价值观以及使生活有意义的因素，对一些女性来说也被视为一种精神体验。然而，在当前的产科服务中，主要关注的是生物医学问题，这为母亲身份的转变设定了舞台，而与潜在的存在性变化体验相关的问题则不被认为重要。如果没有一种综合的方法来讨论个人意义构建问题，那么在存在真实性过程中的成长潜力就无法得到利用。成为母亲的转变引发了关于死亡和生命意义的存在性问题，我们应该在研究和临床工作中探索这一领域。
