The Functional Electrical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Neuropsychology and Neurorehabilitation Service, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2013 Sep;17(9):471-81. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2013.07.004. Epub 2013 Aug 6.
Seeing seems effortless, despite the need to segregate and integrate visual information that varies in quality, quantity, and location. The extent to which seeing passively recapitulates the external world is challenged by phenomena such as illusory contours, an example of visual completion whereby borders are perceived despite their physical absence in the image. Instead, visual completion and seeing are increasingly conceived as active processes, dependent on information exchange across neural populations. How this is instantiated in the brain remains controversial. Divergent models emanate from single-unit and population-level electrophysiology, neuroimaging, and neurostimulation studies. We reconcile discrepant findings from different methods and disciplines, and underscore the importance of taking into account spatiotemporal brain dynamics in generating models of brain function and perception.
尽管需要分离和整合质量、数量和位置各不相同的视觉信息，但视觉看起来毫不费力。错觉轮廓等现象挑战了被动地再现外部世界的程度，这是一种视觉完成的例子，即使在图像中没有边界，人们也能感知到它们。相反，视觉完成和观察被越来越多地视为主动过程，依赖于跨神经群体的信息交换。这种信息在大脑中是如何体现的仍然存在争议。从单单元和群体水平的电生理学、神经影像学和神经刺激研究中衍生出了不同的模型。我们调和了不同方法和学科的不一致发现，并强调在生成大脑功能和感知模型时考虑时空大脑动力学的重要性。
