Zhu Zhen-xin, Zhang Cheng-qi, Tang Fang, Song Xin-hong, Xue Fu-zhong
Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2013 Apr;47(4):318-22.
To evaluate the relationship between lifestyle habits and the components of metabolic syndrome (MS).
Based on the routine health check-up system in a certain Center for Health Management of Shandong Province, a longitudinal surveillance health check-up cohort from 2005 to 2010 was set up. There were 13 225 urban workers in Jinan included in the analysis. The content of the survey included demographic information, medical history, lifestyle habits, body mass index (BMI) and the level of blood pressure, fasting blood-glucose, and blood lipid, etc. The distribution of BMI, blood pressure, fasting blood-glucose, blood lipid and lifestyle habits between MS patients and non-MS population was compared, latent variables were extracted by exploratory factor analysis to determine the structure model, and then a partial least squares path model was constructed between lifestyle habits and the components of MS.
Participants'age was (46.62 ± 12.16) years old. The overall prevalence of the MS was 22.43% (2967/13 225), 26.49% (2535/9570) in males and 11.82% (432/3655) in females. The prevalence of the MS was statistically different between males and females (χ(2) = 327.08, P < 0.01). Between MS patients and non-MS population, the difference of dietary habits was statistically significant (χ(2) = 166.31, P < 0.01) in MS patients, the rate of vegetarian, mixed and animal food was 23.39% (694/2967), 42.50% (1261/2967) and 34.11% (1012/2967) respectively, while in non-MS population was 30.80% (3159/10 258), 46.37% (4757/10 258), 22.83% (2342/10 258) respectively. Their alcohol consumption has statistical difference (χ(2) = 374.22, P < 0.01) in MS patients, the rate of never or past, occasional and regular drinking was 27.37% (812/2967), 24.71% (733/2967), 47.93% (1422/2967) respectively, and in non-MS population was 39.60% (4062/10 258), 31.36% (3217/10 258), 29.04% (2979/10 258) respectively. The difference of their smoking status was statistically significant (χ(2) = 115.86, P < 0.01) in MS patients, the rate of never or past, occasional and regular smoking was 59.72% (1772/2967), 6.24% (185/2967), 34.04% (1010/2967) respectively, while in non-MS population was 70.03% (7184/10 258), 5.35% (549/10 258), 24.61% (2525/10 258) respectively. Both lifestyle habits and the components of MS were attributable to only one latent variable. After adjustment for age and gender, the path coefficient between the latent component of lifestyle habits and the latent component of MS was 0.22 with statistical significance (t = 6.46, P < 0.01) through bootstrap test. Reliability and validity of the model:the lifestyle latent variable: average variance extracted was 0.53, composite reliability was 0.77 and Cronbach's a was 0.57. The MS latent variable: average variance extracted was 0.45, composite reliability was 0.76 and Cronbach's a was 0.59.
Unhealthy lifestyle habits are closely related to MS. Meat diet, excessive drinking and smoking are risk factors for MS.
评估生活方式习惯与代谢综合征（MS）各组分之间的关系。
基于山东省某健康管理中心的常规健康体检系统，建立了一个2005年至2010年的纵向监测健康体检队列。纳入分析的有济南市13225名城市职工。调查内容包括人口统计学信息、病史、生活方式习惯、体重指数（BMI）以及血压、空腹血糖和血脂水平等。比较MS患者与非MS人群之间BMI、血压、空腹血糖、血脂及生活方式习惯的分布情况，通过探索性因子分析提取潜在变量以确定结构模型，进而构建生活方式习惯与MS各组分之间的偏最小二乘路径模型。
参与者年龄为（46.62±12.16）岁。MS的总体患病率为22.43%（2967/13225），男性为26.49%（2535/9570），女性为11.82%（432/3655）。MS患病率在男性和女性之间有统计学差异（χ² = 327.08，P < 0.01）。在MS患者与非MS人群之间，饮食习惯差异有统计学意义（χ² = 166.31，P < 0.01），在MS患者中，素食、荤素混合及肉食的比例分别为23.39%（694/2967）、42.50%（1261/2967）和34.11%（1012/2967），而在非MS人群中分别为30.80%（3159/10258）、46.37%（4757/10258）、22.83%（2342/10258）。他们的饮酒情况有统计学差异（χ² = 374.22，P < 0.01），在MS患者中，从不饮酒或既往饮酒、偶尔饮酒及经常饮酒的比例分别为27.37%（812/2967）、24.71%（733/2967）、47.93%（1422/2967），而在非MS人群中分别为39.60%（4062/10258）、31.36%（3217/10258）、29.04%（2979/10258）。他们的吸烟状况差异有统计学意义（χ² = 115.86，P < 0.01），在MS患者中，从不吸烟或既往吸烟、偶尔吸烟及经常吸烟的比例分别为59.72%（1772/2967）、6.24%（185/2967）、34.04%（1010/2967），而在非MS人群中分别为70.03%（7184/10258）、5.35%（549/10258）、24.61%（2525/10258）。生活方式习惯和MS各组分均仅归因于一个潜在变量。在对年龄和性别进行调整后，生活方式习惯的潜在组分与MS的潜在组分之间的路径系数为0.22，经自抽样检验具有统计学意义（t = 6.46，P < 0.01）。模型的信效度：生活方式潜在变量：平均方差抽取量为0.53，组合信度为0.77，Cronbach's α为0.57。MS潜在变量：平均方差抽取量为0.45，组合信度为0.76，Cronbach's α为0.59。
不健康的生活方式习惯与MS密切相关。肉食、过量饮酒和吸烟是MS的危险因素。
