Institut für Theoretische Physik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Philosophenweg 16, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Sci Rep. 2013;3:2394. doi: 10.1038/srep02394.
Possible universal dynamics of a many-body system far from thermal equilibrium are explored. A focus is set on meta-stable non-thermal states exhibiting critical properties such as self-similarity and independence of the details of how the respective state has been reached. It is proposed that universal dynamics far from equilibrium can be tuned to exhibit a dynamical transition where these critical properties change qualitatively. This is demonstrated for the case of a superfluid two-component Bose gas exhibiting different types of long-lived but non-thermal critical order. Scaling exponents controlled by the ratio of experimentally tuneable coupling parameters offer themselves as natural smoking guns. The results shed light on the wealth of universal phenomena expected to exist in the far-from-equilibrium realm.
探索远离热平衡的多体系统的可能普适动力学。关注的重点是表现出自相似性和对达到各自状态的细节的依赖性等临界特性的亚稳非热状态。提出远离平衡的普适动力学可以被调谐以表现出一种动力学转变，其中这些临界特性在质量上发生变化。对于表现出不同类型长寿命但非热临界序的超流双分量玻色气体的情况，已经证明了这一点。由实验可调耦合参数的比值控制的标度指数本身就是自然的线索。研究结果揭示了在远离平衡的领域中预期存在的丰富的普适现象。
