Hackley S A, Schäffer R, Miller J
Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-Columbia 65211.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 1990 Jun;74(1):15-33. doi: 10.1016/0001-6918(90)90032-b.
Several variants of a precued reaction time experiment were performed to assess preparation for Choice (Donders' type B) or Go/No-Go (type C) reaction tasks. On each trial, the imperative stimulus could necessitate either a keypress with the left forefinger, the right forefinger, or no response. A precue given at lead times of 50-750 ms either informed the subject whether the task was a type B task (left or right forefinger response), a type C task (e.g., left forefinger or No Go), or carried no information (all three possibilities remained open). The noninformative cue produced minor facilitation of reaction time at long lead times only. At lead times of 50-250 ms, the other two precues speeded reactions by about 50 ms. At precue intervals of 400-750 ms, Go/No-Go reactions averaged 25 ms faster than Choice reactions in an experiment which utilized appropriate controls for stimulus and task parameters. The mixed-trial design rules out gross motor (e.g., postural) adjustments as an explanation for the advantage of C over B reactions. An interpretation in terms of a two-stage theory of motor preparation is discussed.
进行了预提示反应时实验的几种变体，以评估对选择反应（唐德斯B型）或Go/No-Go反应（C型）任务的准备情况。在每次试验中，指令刺激可能需要用左手食指按键、右手食指按键或不做反应。在50 - 750毫秒的提前时间给出的预提示，告知受试者任务是B型任务（左手或右手食指反应）、C型任务（例如，左手食指或不反应），还是不携带任何信息（三种可能性都存在）。无信息提示仅在较长提前时间时对反应时有轻微的促进作用。在50 - 250毫秒的提前时间，其他两种预提示使反应加快约50毫秒。在400 - 750毫秒的预提示间隔下，在一个对刺激和任务参数进行了适当控制的实验中，Go/No-Go反应比选择反应平均快25毫秒。混合试验设计排除了将粗大运动（如姿势）调整作为C反应优于B反应的解释。讨论了基于运动准备两阶段理论的一种解释。
