Doan Tan, Ware Robert, McPherson Lyn, van Dooren Kate, Bain Christopher, Carrington Suzanne, Einfeld Stewart, Tonge Bruce, Lennox Nicholas
Queensland Centre for Intellectual and Developmental Disability, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2014 Jan;23(1):69-76. doi: 10.1002/pds.3484. Epub 2013 Aug 8.
Information on the use of psychotropic medications in adolescents with intellectual disability is scant. Such information can guide interventions to improve psychotropic medication use in this population. We investigated the prevalence of, and factors associated with, psychotropic medication use in adolescents with intellectual disability in Australia who live in the community.
Cross-sectional data were obtained from adolescents with intellectual disability living in the community in South East Queensland, Australia, between February 2007 and September 2010. Self-reported information on medication use was extracted from a health screening tool. Demographic and medical data were collected through parent/caregiver surveys. Medications were classified according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system. Psychopathology was assessed using the Developmental Behaviour Checklist Short Form. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association of demographic and medical characteristics with psychotropic medication use.
There were 176 participants (median age = 16 years, range = 11-19 years; 55% male). Psychotropics were used by 20% of participants. Psychostimulants were the commonest psychotropic class, used by 9% of participants. Multipsychotropic prescribing was not common with only seven participants using more than one psychotropic agent. After adjusting for potentially confounding variables, use of psychotropic medications was significantly associated with male gender (adjusted odds ratio = 3.6; 95% confidence interval = 1.3-9.5) and having major behaviour problems (3.1; 1.1-8.9).
Adolescents with intellectual disability use a wide range of psychotropic medications. Being male and having major behaviour problems are associated with the use of psychotropic medications. Research examining the rationale for psychotropic prescribing in this population is needed.
关于智障青少年使用精神药物的信息匮乏。此类信息可为改善该人群精神药物使用情况的干预措施提供指导。我们调查了澳大利亚社区中智障青少年使用精神药物的患病率及相关因素。
横断面数据取自2007年2月至2010年9月间生活在澳大利亚昆士兰州东南部社区的智障青少年。从健康筛查工具中提取关于药物使用的自我报告信息。通过家长/照顾者调查收集人口统计学和医学数据。药物根据解剖治疗化学分类系统进行分类。使用发育行为检查表简表评估精神病理学。采用逻辑回归分析评估人口统计学和医学特征与精神药物使用之间的关联。
共有176名参与者（中位年龄 = 16岁，范围 = 11 - 19岁；55%为男性）。20%的参与者使用精神药物。精神兴奋剂是最常用的精神药物类别，9% 的参与者使用。多重精神药物处方并不常见，只有7名参与者使用不止一种精神药物。在对潜在混杂变量进行调整后,精神药物的使用与男性性别（调整后的优势比 = 3.6；95%置信区间 = 1.3 - 9.5）和存在严重行为问题（3.1；1.1 - 8.9）显著相关。
智障青少年使用多种精神药物。男性和存在严重行为问题与精神药物的使用有关。需要对该人群精神药物处方的依据进行研究
