Cortical alveolus breakdown in the eggs of the freshwater teleost Rhodeus ocellatus ocellatus.

Cortical alveoli and their breakdown in the eggs of the rose bitterling were morphologically investigated. Cortical alveoli of various sizes existed in multiple layers within the cortical cytoplasm of each egg. Two types of cortical alveoli were recognized--one possessed homogeneous contents; the other possessed heterogeneous contents with electron-less dense spots. The eggs were activated by a penetrating spermatozoon or by immersion in fresh water. The immersion of the eggs into fresh water induced a wave of cortical alveolus breakdown (CABD), which was propagated from the vegetal pole to the animal pole. When eggs were inseminated in fresh water, CABD progressed from both the vegetal and the animal poles of the egg, and was complete within about 20 min. The contents of the cortical alveoli were released into the perivitelline space through a large opening formed by the fusion of the plasma and cortical alveolar membranes. For a short time after CABD, the smooth inner surfaces of the cortical alveoli were readily discernible from the rougher original plasma membrane. About 30 min after immersion in fresh water, the inner surfaces of the cortical alveoli were indistinguishable from the original egg surfaces. Aequorin-injected eggs became luminescent immediately after their immersion in fresh water. The luminescence reached a maximum level about 15 min later and subsided after roughly 30 min. The result shows that increase in intracellular free Ca ions occurs during CABD.