Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Departments of Occupational Therapy, Psychology, and Psychiatry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Psychiatry Res. 2013 Dec 15;210(2):498-504. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.06.019. Epub 2013 Aug 8.
Impaired vocational functioning is a hallmark of schizophrenia, but limited research has evaluated the relationships between work and schizophrenia-spectrum personality disorders, including schizotypal (SPD) and paranoid personality disorder (PPD). This study compared employment history and job characteristics of 174 individuals drawn from the community or clinic, based on four personality disorder groups: SPD Only, PPD Only, SPD+PPD, and No SPD or PPD. Symptoms and cognitive functioning were also assessed. Both PPD and/or SPD were associated with lower rates of current employment, and a history of having worked at less cognitively complex jobs than people without these disorders. Participants with PPD were less likely to have a history of competitive work for one year, whereas those with SPD tended to have worked at jobs involving lower levels of social contact, compared with those without these disorders. When the effects of symptoms and cognitive functioning were statistically controlled, PPD remained a significant predictor of work history, and SPD remained a significant predictor of social contact on the job. The findings suggest that impaired vocational functioning is an important characteristic of SPD and PPD.
职业功能受损是精神分裂症的一个标志，但有限的研究评估了工作与精神分裂症谱系人格障碍（包括精神分裂型人格障碍和偏执型人格障碍）之间的关系。本研究比较了来自社区或诊所的 174 名个体的就业历史和工作特征，这些个体基于四个人格障碍群体：仅精神分裂型人格障碍、仅偏执型人格障碍、精神分裂型人格障碍+偏执型人格障碍和无精神分裂型或偏执型人格障碍。还评估了症状和认知功能。偏执型人格障碍和/或精神分裂型人格障碍均与当前就业率较低以及过去从事认知复杂性较低的工作有关，而不是这些障碍的人。患有偏执型人格障碍的参与者不太可能有一年的竞争性工作经历，而患有精神分裂型人格障碍的参与者则倾向于从事社交接触程度较低的工作，与没有这些障碍的人相比。当症状和认知功能的影响在统计学上得到控制时，偏执型人格障碍仍然是工作历史的重要预测因素，精神分裂型人格障碍仍然是工作中社交接触的重要预测因素。这些发现表明，职业功能受损是精神分裂型人格障碍和偏执型人格障碍的一个重要特征。
