Vaccine Evaluation Unit, Public Health England, Clinical Sciences Building, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK.
Vaccine. 2013 Sep 23;31(41):4477-86. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.07.083. Epub 2013 Aug 9.
Since the introduction of monovalent meningococcal serogroup C (MenC) glycoconjugate (MCC) vaccines and the implementation of national vaccination programmes, the incidence of MenC disease has declined markedly as a result of effective short-term vaccination and reduction in acquisition of MenC carriage leading to herd protection. Monovalent and quadrivalent conjugate vaccines are commonly used vaccines to provide protection against MenC disease worldwide. Studies have demonstrated that MCC vaccination confers protection in infancy (0-12 months) from the first dose but this is only short-term. NeisVac-C(®) has the greatest longevity of the currently licensed MCC vaccines in terms of antibody persistence, however antibody levels have been found to fall rapidly after early infant vaccination with two doses of all MCC vaccines - necessitating a booster at ∼12 months. In toddlers, only one dose of the MCC vaccine is required for routine immunization. If herd protection wanes following catch-up campaigns, many children may become vulnerable to infection. This has led many to question whether an adolescent booster is also required.
自从单价脑膜炎奈瑟菌 C 群（MenC）结合疫苗（MCC）问世并实施国家免疫规划以来，由于短期疫苗接种的有效性以及 MenC 携带量的减少导致群体保护，MenC 疾病的发病率显著下降。单价和四价结合疫苗是目前全球用于预防 MenC 疾病的常用疫苗。研究表明，MCC 疫苗接种可在婴儿期（0-12 个月）从第一剂开始提供保护，但这只是短期的。NeisVac-C（®）在目前许可的 MCC 疫苗中具有最长的抗体持久性，然而，在所有 MCC 疫苗早期婴儿接种两剂后，抗体水平迅速下降-需要在大约 12 个月时进行加强针。在幼儿中，常规免疫只需接种一剂 MCC 疫苗。如果群体保护在补种运动后减弱，许多儿童可能容易受到感染。这导致许多人质疑是否还需要青少年加强针。
