Health Education and Research, General Hospital Zone #4, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Celaya, Guanajuato, Mexico.
Arch Med Res. 2013 Jul;44(5):390-3. doi: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2013.05.006. Epub 2013 Aug 8.
Infection with the hepatitis C virus (HVC) is one of the most common viral infections worldwide. Approximately 170 million individuals are infected worldwide. HCV is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. In Mexico, according to the National Health Survey 2000, it is estimated that 70,000 cases exist. We undertook this study to estimate the prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies in patients with association to the risk factors for HCV infection in the lowland (bajio) region.
There were 2803 individuals 15 years of age or older who were treated at the General Hospital Zone #4 who were included in this study. Following informed consent, the participants were given a questionnaire listing the major risk factors for hepatitis C. If they answered positive to any of these identified factors, a blood sample was taken to determine anti-HCV antibodies via ELISA analysis.
Average age in this study was 38.4 ± 13.5 years, and 75.5% were female (n = 2116). Anti-HCV antibodies were isolated in 1.3% of the patients (n = 36). The most commonly identified risk factor among all the participants was a history of previous transfusions (28.8 % of all patients, n = 813 and 41.7%, n = 15 of those with positive HCV antibodies). This was the only statistically significant risk factor identified in this study (p = 0.066).
Mexico is currently considered to have a lower prevalence for HCV in relation to developed countries and other endemic areas. The figures reported are lower than those observed in this study, suggesting that the strategies for detecting HCV in Mexico may be inadequate.
丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染是全球最常见的病毒感染之一。全世界约有 1.7 亿人感染 HCV。HCV 是发病率和死亡率的重要原因。根据 2000 年全国健康调查，在墨西哥，估计有 7 万例。我们进行这项研究是为了估计低地（巴希奥）地区与 HCV 感染相关的风险因素的抗 HCV 抗体在患者中的流行率。
共有 2803 名年龄在 15 岁及以上的患者在第 4 总医院接受治疗，包括在本研究中。在获得知情同意后，研究参与者被提供了一份列出丙型肝炎主要危险因素的问卷。如果他们对任何这些确定的因素回答阳性，就会抽取血液样本通过 ELISA 分析来确定抗 HCV 抗体。
本研究的平均年龄为 38.4 ± 13.5 岁，75.5%为女性（n = 2116）。在 1.3%的患者（n = 36）中分离出抗 HCV 抗体。所有参与者中最常见的危险因素是既往输血史（所有患者的 28.8%，n = 813；抗 HCV 抗体阳性患者的 41.7%，n = 15）。这是本研究中唯一具有统计学意义的危险因素（p = 0.066）。
与发达国家和其他流行地区相比，墨西哥目前被认为 HCV 的流行率较低。报告的数字低于本研究观察到的数字，这表明墨西哥 HCV 的检测策略可能不足。
