Department of Radiobiology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland.
Sci Total Environ. 2014 Jan 1;466-467:447-54. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.061. Epub 2013 Aug 8.
The transfer of dioxins from contaminated soil into the food chain has recently become an up-and-coming topic in the environmental policy and health-related consumer protection. Within the framework of the 2011 National Food Survey that monitored the levels of PCDD/Fs and PCBs in foods of animal origin, the sum of the WHO-PCDD/F/PCB-TEQ concentrations exceeding two-fold the European Union's maximum level was detected in eggs from a free-range farm (12.55 ± 2.37 pg WHOPCDD/F/PCB-TEQ/g fat). Investigations have revealed that the source of egg contamination was the backyard soil on which the hens were foraging. A follow-up study of laying hens from this farm has demonstrated the transfer of dioxins into all tested tissues (breast and leg muscles, abdominal fat), liver and ovarian follicles. The bioaccumulation of dioxins was found to be congener and tissue-dependent. The highest concentration was found in the liver, followed by the ovarian follicles, and the adipose tissue. The PCDD/F levels in the liver often were approximately two times higher from those in other materials from the same hen. The potential dioxin intakes with eggs were expressed as the percent of the Tolerable Weekly Intake (TWI), and the Provisional Tolerable Monthly Intake (PTMI). The weekly intake of dioxins would be 3.5 pg WHO-TEQ/kg b.w. (24.9% TWI) for an adult and 20.3 pg WHO-TEQ/kg b.w. (145.2% TWI) for a 3-year old child. Considering a monthly consumption of such contaminated eggs, intake of dioxins would be slightly lower, but still over 100% of the PTMI for a child. The obtained results complement the knowledge on possible dioxin sources in food and are important for risk management authorities.
二恶英从污染土壤向食物链中的转移最近成为环境政策和与健康相关的消费者保护中的一个热门话题。在 2011 年监测动物源食品中 PCDD/Fs 和 PCBs 水平的国家食品调查框架内，在一个自由放养农场的鸡蛋中检测到 WHO-PCDD/F/PCB-TEQ 浓度总和超过欧盟最高限量的两倍（12.55 ± 2.37 pg WHO-PCDD/F/PCB-TEQ/g 脂肪）。调查显示，鸡蛋污染的来源是母鸡觅食的后院土壤。对来自该农场的蛋鸡进行的后续研究表明，二恶英已转移到所有测试的组织（乳房和腿部肌肉、腹部脂肪）、肝脏和卵巢滤泡中。二恶英的生物累积与同系物和组织有关。最高浓度出现在肝脏，其次是卵巢滤泡和脂肪组织。肝脏中二恶英的浓度通常比来自同一母鸡的其他材料中的浓度高约两倍。通过鸡蛋摄入的潜在二恶英摄入量表示为可耐受每周摄入量（TWI）和暂定可耐受每月摄入量（PTMI）的百分比。每周摄入的二恶英将为成人 3.5 pg WHO-TEQ/kg b.w.（24.9% TWI）和 3 岁儿童 20.3 pg WHO-TEQ/kg b.w.（145.2% TWI）。考虑到每月食用此类受污染的鸡蛋，摄入的二恶英略低，但仍超过儿童 PTMI 的 100%。所得结果补充了有关食物中二恶英可能来源的知识，对风险管理当局很重要。
