Steffen H
Schielbehandlung und Neuroophthalmologie, Universitäts-Augenklinik Würzburg, Josef Schneider-Str. 11, 97080, Würzburg, Deutschland.
Ophthalmologe. 2013 Aug;110(8):783-92; quiz 793-4. doi: 10.1007/s00347-013-2906-y.
Optic nerve neuritis is one of the most important differential diagnoses of visual loss in young and middle aged adults. The prognosis in terms of functional outcome is generally good. The diagnosis of optic neuritis is clinical. Steroids can reduce the recovery time but do not affect the long-term functional outcome. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most important investigation for assessing an associated risk of multiple sclerosis. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) contributes additional details on the course and functional outcome of optic neuritis. In the future OCT may additionally contribute to the relationship between optic neuritis and possible associated multiple sclerosis.
视神经炎是中青年视力丧失最重要的鉴别诊断之一。就功能预后而言，总体预后良好。视神经炎的诊断依靠临床判断。类固醇可以缩短恢复时间，但不影响长期功能预后。磁共振成像（MRI）是评估多发性硬化相关风险的最重要检查。光学相干断层扫描（OCT）能提供有关视神经炎病程和功能预后的更多细节。未来，OCT可能还会有助于揭示视神经炎与可能相关的多发性硬化之间的关系。
