Institute of Radiology, University Erlangen/Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany.
PLoS One. 2013 Jul 25;8(7):e70660. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070660. Print 2013.
To determine in-vivo formation of x-ray induced γ-H2AX foci in systemic blood lymphocytes of patients undergoing full-field digital mammography (FFDM) and to estimate foci after FFDM and digital breast-tomosynthesis (DBT) using a biological phantom model.
The study complies with the Declaration of Helsinki and was performed following approval by the ethic committee of the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg. Written informed consent was obtained from every patient. For in-vivo tests, systemic blood lymphocytes were obtained from 20 patients before and after FFDM. In order to compare in-vivo post-exposure with pre-exposure foci levels, the Wilcoxon matched pairs test was used. For in-vitro experiments, isolated blood lymphocytes from healthy volunteers were irradiated at skin and glandular level of a porcine breast using FFDM and DBT. Cells were stained against the phosphorylated histone variant γ-H2AX, and foci representing distinct DNA damages were quantified.
Median in-vivo foci level/cell was 0.086 (range 0.067-0.116) before and 0.094 (0.076-0.126) after FFDM (p = 0.0004). In the in-vitro model, the median x-ray induced foci level/cell after FFDM was 0.120 (range 0.086-0.140) at skin level and 0.035 (range 0.030-0.050) at glandular level. After DBT, the median x-ray induced foci level/cell was 0.061 (range 0.040-0.081) at skin level and 0.015 (range 0.006-0.020) at glandular level.
In patients, mammography induces a slight but significant increase of γ-H2AX foci in systemic blood lymphocytes. The introduced biological phantom model is suitable for the estimation of x-ray induced DNA damages in breast tissue in different breast imaging techniques.
通过使用生物体模模型，在接受全数字化乳腺摄影术（FFDM）的患者的系统血液淋巴细胞中确定体内 X 射线诱导的 γ-H2AX 焦点的形成，并估计 FFDM 和数字乳腺断层合成术（DBT）后的焦点。
本研究符合赫尔辛基宣言，并在纽伦堡大学伦理委员会的批准下进行。每位患者均获得书面知情同意。对于体内试验，在 FFDM 之前和之后从 20 名患者中获得系统血液淋巴细胞。为了比较暴露后与暴露前的焦点水平，使用 Wilcoxon 配对检验。对于体外实验，使用 FFDM 和 DBT 在猪乳房的皮肤和腺体水平上照射来自健康志愿者的分离血液淋巴细胞。用针对磷酸化组蛋白变体 γ-H2AX 的抗体对细胞进行染色，并定量表示不同 DNA 损伤的焦点。
在体内，FFDM 之前的焦点水平/细胞中位数为 0.086（范围 0.067-0.116），FFDM 之后为 0.094（0.076-0.126）（p = 0.0004）。在体外模型中，FFDM 后 X 射线诱导的焦点水平/细胞中位数为皮肤水平 0.120（范围 0.086-0.140），腺体水平 0.035（范围 0.030-0.050）。DBT 后，X 射线诱导的焦点水平/细胞中位数为皮肤水平 0.061（范围 0.040-0.081），腺体水平 0.015（范围 0.006-0.020）。
在患者中，乳腺摄影术会导致系统血液淋巴细胞中的 γ-H2AX 焦点略有但明显增加。所引入的生物体模模型适用于不同乳腺成像技术中乳腺组织中 X 射线诱导的 DNA 损伤的估计。
