Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Oviedo, Gijón, Spain.
Sensors (Basel). 2013 Aug 9;13(8):10245-72. doi: 10.3390/s130810245.
Shape is a key characteristic to determine the quality of outgoing flat-rolled products in the steel industry. It is greatly influenced by flatness, a feature to describe how the surface of a rolled product approaches a plane. Flatness is of the utmost importance in steelmaking, since it is used by most downstream processes and customers for the acceptance or rejection of rolled products. Flatness sensors compute flatness measurements based on comparing the length of several longitudinal fibers of the surface of the product under inspection. Two main different approaches are commonly used. On the one hand, most mechanical sensors measure the tensile stress across the width of the rolled product, while manufacturing and estimating the fiber lengths from this stress. On the other hand, optical sensors measure the length of the fibers by means of light patterns projected onto the product surface. In this paper, we review the techniques and the main sensors used in the steelmaking industry to measure and quantify flatness defects in steel plates, sheets and strips. Most of these techniques and sensors can be used in other industries involving rolling mills or continuous production lines, such as aluminum, copper and paper, to name a few. Encompassed in the special issue, State-of-the-Art Sensors Technology in Spain 2013, this paper also reviews the most important flatness sensors designed and developed for the steelmaking industry in Spain.
形状是决定钢铁行业成品板材质量的关键特性。它受平整度影响很大，平整度是用来描述轧制产品表面接近平面的程度。在炼钢过程中，平整度至关重要，因为它被大多数下游工艺和客户用来接受或拒绝轧制产品。平整度传感器通过比较被检测产品表面的几个纵向纤维的长度来计算平整度测量值。目前常用两种主要方法。一方面，大多数机械传感器通过测量横跨轧制产品宽度的拉伸应力，从而制造和估计纤维长度。另一方面，光学传感器通过将光模式投射到产品表面上来测量纤维的长度。本文回顾了用于测量和量化钢板、薄板和带材平整度缺陷的炼钢行业中使用的技术和主要传感器。这些技术和传感器中的大多数都可以用于涉及轧机或连续生产线的其他行业，例如铝、铜和纸等。本文还包含在 2013 年西班牙“最新传感器技术”特刊中，回顾了为西班牙炼钢行业设计和开发的最重要的平整度传感器。
