Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Bioessays. 2013 Nov;35(11):955-64. doi: 10.1002/bies.201300011. Epub 2013 Aug 14.
Mitochondrial shape change, brought about by molecules that promote either fission or fusion between individual mitochondria, has been documented in several model systems. However, the deeper significance of mitochondrial shape change has only recently begun to emerge: among others, it appears to play a role in the regulation of cell proliferation. Here, I review the emerging interplay between mitochondrial fission-fusion components with cell cycle regulatory machineries and how that may impact cell differentiation. Regulation of mitochondrial shape may modulate mitochondrial metabolism and/or energetics to promote crosstalk between signaling components and the cell cycle machinery. Focused research in this area will reveal the exact role of mitochondria in development and disease, specifically in stem cell regulation and tumorigenesis. Such research may also reveal whether and how the endosymbiotic event that gave rise to the mitochondrion was crucial for the evolution of cell cycle regulatory mechanisms in eukaryotes that are absent in prokaryotes.
线粒体的形状变化是由促进单个线粒体之间裂变或融合的分子引起的，这在几种模型系统中都有记录。然而，线粒体形状变化的更深层次意义最近才开始显现：它似乎在细胞增殖的调节中起着作用。在这里，我回顾了线粒体裂变-融合成分与细胞周期调节机制之间新兴的相互作用，以及这可能如何影响细胞分化。线粒体形状的调节可以调节线粒体代谢和/或能量学，以促进信号成分与细胞周期机制之间的串扰。在这一领域的重点研究将揭示线粒体在发育和疾病中的确切作用，特别是在干细胞调节和肿瘤发生中。此类研究还可能揭示出，导致线粒体的内共生事件是否以及如何对真核生物中不存在于原核生物中的细胞周期调节机制的进化至关重要。
