Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 07081, USA.
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013 Oct;13(5):537-42. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0b013e328364d843.
Anterior ocular inflammatory disease (AOID) affects more that 40% of the U.S. population, which includes ocular allergies, various forms of infectious conjunctivitis, and dry eye diseases (tear film dysfunction). This review evaluates the recent economic costs of AOID treatment.
Rapid advances in pharmacotherapy of the anterior surface of the eye have been made as the expansion of the immunopathophysiology underlying these disorders ranging from the innate Toll-like receptors to the more specific IgE receptors are being unravelled. Even with these advances in AOID immunopathophysiology, progressive new treatments that address inflammatory mediators and their receptors with advancements in the development of ophthalmic remain limited. In 2011, AOID represents 40% of cost associated with ophthalmic drugs focusing on dry eye (31%), anti-infectives (30%), anti-allergics (25%), and anti-inflammatory agents (14%). With rising treatment costs, a need for cost-effective medicines remains to be pursued along with the development of treatment algorithms to maximize the therapeutic outcomes.
The economic burden of AOID has dramatically increased in recent years, with prescription drug expenditure approaching approximately $7 billion. There is an increasing need for major investment in this sector to improve outcomes as well as provide more effective alternative treatment modalities to the current options.
前眼部炎症性疾病（AOID）影响超过 40%的美国人口，包括眼部过敏、各种形式的传染性结膜炎和干眼症（泪膜功能障碍）。本综述评估了 AOID 治疗的最新经济成本。
随着对这些疾病潜在免疫发病机制的深入研究，包括先天 Toll 样受体到更特异的 IgE 受体，前眼部表面的药物治疗取得了快速进展。即使在 AOID 免疫发病机制方面取得了这些进展，针对炎症介质及其受体的新疗法仍在不断发展，但在眼科方面仍有限制。2011 年，AOID 占眼科药物相关成本的 40%，其中干眼症（31%）、抗感染药（30%）、抗变态反应药（25%）和抗炎药（14%）。随着治疗费用的不断增加，需要寻求更具成本效益的药物，并制定治疗方案，以最大限度地提高治疗效果。
近年来，AOID 的经济负担显著增加，处方药支出接近 70 亿美元。需要在这一领域进行重大投资，以改善治疗效果，并为当前治疗方案提供更有效的替代治疗方法。
