Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
J Nutr. 2013 Oct;143(10):1611-7. doi: 10.3945/jn.112.170605. Epub 2013 Aug 14.
Whereas the influence of pregnancy diet and milk feeding on children's health and development is well characterized, the role of early food intake and eating behaviors is largely unexplored. This study aimed to determine whether the degree of adherence to complementary feeding guidelines was associated with dietary, obesity, cardiovascular, and cognitive outcomes at 7-8 y of age. Data were analyzed from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children using parent-completed dietary questionnaires at 6 mo of age to calculate a Complementary Feeding Utility Index score. Regression analysis was used to explore associations between the index score and dietary patterns derived via principal component analysis (n = 4326), body-mass index (BMI) (n = 4801), waist circumference (n = 4798), blood pressure (n = 4685), and lipids (n = 3232) measured at age 7 y; and intelligence quotient (IQ) measured at age 8 y (n = 4429) after adjustment for covariates. The index score was negatively associated with a "processed" dietary pattern (β = -0.16; 95% CI: -0.20, -0.13; P < 0.001) but positively associated with a "health conscious" dietary pattern [β = 0.18 (95% CI: 0.14, 0.21); P < 0.001]. A higher index score was also positively associated with total, verbal, and performance IQ scores at 8 y of age [β = 1.92 (95%CI: 1.38, 2.47); P < 0.001 for total IQ). The index score was weakly associated with waist circumference [β = -0.15 (95%CI: -0.31, -0.002); P = 0.046] and diastolic blood pressure [β = -0.24 (95%CI: -0.47, -0.01); P = 0.043] at 7 y of age but was not associated with BMI or other cardiovascular risk factors. These findings suggest that adherence to current complementary feeding guidelines may have implications for some, but not all, health and development outcomes in childhood.
虽然妊娠饮食和哺乳对儿童健康和发育的影响已得到充分描述，但早期食物摄入和饮食习惯的作用在很大程度上仍未得到探索。本研究旨在确定对补充喂养指南的遵循程度是否与 7-8 岁时的饮食、肥胖、心血管和认知结果相关。本研究的数据来自阿冯纵向研究父母与孩子，使用父母在 6 个月龄时完成的饮食调查问卷来计算补充喂养实用指数评分。回归分析用于探索指数评分与通过主成分分析得出的饮食模式（n = 4326）、体重指数（BMI）（n = 4801）、腰围（n = 4798）、血压（n = 4685）和血脂（n = 3232）之间的关联。在调整协变量后，该指数评分与“加工”饮食模式呈负相关（β = -0.16；95%CI：-0.20，-0.13；P < 0.001），但与“健康意识”饮食模式呈正相关[β = 0.18（95%CI：0.14，0.21）；P < 0.001]。更高的指数评分也与 8 岁时的总智商、言语智商和操作智商得分呈正相关[β = 1.92（95%CI：1.38，2.47）；P < 0.001 总智商]。指数评分与 7 岁时的腰围[β = -0.15（95%CI：-0.31，-0.002）；P = 0.046]和舒张压[β = -0.24（95%CI：-0.47，-0.01）；P = 0.043]呈弱相关，但与 BMI 或其他心血管危险因素无关。这些发现表明，对当前补充喂养指南的遵循可能对儿童某些但不是所有健康和发育结果有影响。
