Psychology Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1202 West Johnson Street, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 550 North Park Street, Madison, WI, USA.
Environ Res. 2013 Oct;126:60-5. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2013.07.008. Epub 2013 Aug 12.
School suspensions are associated with negative student outcomes. Environmental lead exposure increases hyperactivity and sensory defensiveness, two traits likely to increase classroom misbehavior and subsequent discipline. Childhood Blood Lead Level (BLL) test results categorized urban fourth graders as exposed (2687; lifetime max BLL 10-20 µg/dL) or unexposed (1076; no lifetime BLL ≥5 µg/dL). Exposed children were over twice as likely as unexposed children to be suspended (OR=2.66, 95% CI=[2.12, 3.32]), controlling for covariates. African American children were more likely to be suspended than white children, but lead exposure explained 23% of the racial discipline gap. These results suggest that different rates of environmental lead exposure may contribute to the racial discipline gap.
学校停学会对学生产生负面影响。环境铅暴露会增加多动和感觉防御，这两个特征可能会增加课堂上的不良行为和随后的纪律处分。对城市四年级学生进行的儿童血铅水平（BLL）测试结果将其分为暴露组（2687 人；终身最大 BLL 为 10-20 µg/dL）和未暴露组（1076 人；无终身 BLL≥5 µg/dL）。暴露组的学生被停学的可能性是未暴露组的两倍多（OR=2.66，95%CI=[2.12，3.32]），控制了混杂因素。非裔美国儿童被停学的可能性高于白人儿童，但铅暴露解释了种族纪律差距的 23%。这些结果表明，不同的环境铅暴露率可能导致种族纪律差距。
