Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), UMR CNRS 7312, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Faculté des Sciences, B.P. 1039, 51687, Reims Cedex 2, France.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2014 Feb;21(3):1638-1647. doi: 10.1007/s11356-013-2043-9. Epub 2013 Aug 16.
Soil contamination with anthropogenic metals resulting from biosolid application is widespread around the world. To better predict the environmental fate and mobility of contaminants, it is critical to study the capacity of biosolid-amended soils to retain and release metals. In this paper, nickel adsorption onto a calcareous soil, a lime-stabilized biosolid, and soil-biosolid mixtures (30, 75, and 150 t biosolid/ha) was studied in batch experiments. Sorption experiments showed that (1) Ni adsorption was higher onto the biosolid than the calcareous soil, and (2) biosolid acted as an adsorbent in the biosolid-soil mixtures by increasing Ni retention capacity. The sorption tests were complemented with the estimation of Ni adsorption reversibility by successive applications of extraction solutions with water, calcium (100 mg/L), and oxalic acid (equivalent to 100 mg carbon/L). It has been shown that Ni desorption rates in soil and biosolid-amended soils were lower than 30 % whatever the chemical reagent, indicating that Ni was strongly adsorbed on the different systems. This adsorption/desorption hysteresis effect was particularly significant at the highest biosolid concentration (150 t/ha). Finally, an adsorption empirical model was used to estimate the maximum permissible biosolid application rate using French national guideline. It has been shown that desorption effects should be quantitatively considered to estimate relevant biosolid loadings.
由于生物固体的应用，土壤受到人为金属的污染在世界各地很普遍。为了更好地预测污染物的环境归宿和迁移性，研究生物固体改良土壤保留和释放金属的能力至关重要。本文通过批量实验研究了镍在钙质土壤、石灰稳定生物固体和土壤-生物固体混合物（30、75 和 150 t/ha 生物固体）上的吸附。吸附实验表明：（1）镍在生物固体上的吸附高于在钙质土壤上的吸附；（2）生物固体在生物固体-土壤混合物中充当吸附剂，增加了镍的保留能力。通过使用水、钙（100mg/L）和草酸（相当于 100mg 碳/L）的连续提取溶液来评估镍吸附的可逆性，对吸附试验进行了补充。结果表明，无论使用何种化学试剂，土壤和生物固体改良土壤中的镍解吸率均低于 30%，表明镍在不同体系中被强烈吸附。在最高生物固体浓度（150t/ha）下，这种吸附/解吸滞后效应尤为显著。最后，使用法国国家指南中的经验模型估算了最大允许生物固体应用率。结果表明，为了估算相关的生物固体负荷，应定量考虑解吸效应。
