Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Tip Fakultesi, Plastic Cerrahi AD, Golkoy, 14000, Bolu, Turkey.
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey.
Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2014 Feb;38(1):104-112. doi: 10.1007/s00266-013-0194-1. Epub 2013 Aug 16.
Enlarged breasts are associated with many physical and psychological symptoms. It is important to use objective criteria in documenting physical changes of a patient's body due to enlarged breasts and the benefits of surgery. This preliminary study aimed to determine whether the reduction mammaplasty procedure changes the angles of cervical lordosis, thoracic kyphosis, and lumbar lordosis.
The study population consisted of 22 patients who underwent breast reduction surgery. All the patients had lateral cervicothoracolumbar radiographs taken preoperatively and at least 2 months postoperatively. Cervical lordosis, thoracic kyphosis, and lumbar lordosis angles, as well as sagittal balance, were examined. The body mass index (BMI), breast tissue volume, and excised tissue amount of each patient were recorded.
All the patients had increased cervical lordosis and thoracic kyphosis angles preoperatively, and the angles were significantly decreased postoperatively. Of the 22 patients, 7 had decreased and 8 had increased lumbar lordosis angles. All the lordosis angles showed significant improvement at the last examination. Seven patients had disturbed sagittal balance preoperatively, and all had normal sagittal balance postoperatively. Preoperative total breast tissue volume was positively correlated with the differences in cervical lordosis angles, BMI, preoperative cervical lordosis angles, and cervical lordosis angles.
Hypertrophic breasts are not only a cosmetic but also a functional problem complicated by pathologic conditions in the vertebral column such as increased cervical lordosis, thoracic kyphosis, and increased or decreased lumbar lordosis. Breast reduction may improve these pathologic angles. Reducing the nonphysiologic weight of enlarged breasts located anterior to the main axis of the body may correct pathologic angulation and disturbed sagittal balance of the vertebral column.
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乳房肥大与许多身体和心理症状有关。由于乳房增大，记录患者身体的物理变化以及手术的益处，使用客观标准非常重要。本初步研究旨在确定乳房缩小成形术是否会改变颈椎前凸角、胸椎后凸角和腰椎前凸角。
研究人群包括 22 名接受乳房缩小手术的患者。所有患者均在术前和术后至少 2 个月进行了侧颈胸腰椎 X 线片检查。检查颈椎前凸角、胸椎后凸角和腰椎前凸角，以及矢状平衡。记录每位患者的体重指数（BMI）、乳房组织体积和切除组织量。
所有患者术前颈椎前凸角和胸椎后凸角均增加，术后角度明显减小。22 例患者中，7 例腰椎前凸角减小，8 例腰椎前凸角增大。所有前凸角在最后一次检查时均有显著改善。7 例患者术前矢状平衡紊乱，所有患者术后矢状平衡正常。术前总乳房组织体积与颈椎前凸角差异、BMI、术前颈椎前凸角和颈椎前凸角呈正相关。
肥大的乳房不仅是一个美容问题，也是一个功能性问题，它会导致脊柱病理性改变，如颈椎前凸角增加、胸椎后凸角增加、腰椎前凸角增加或减少。乳房缩小术可能会改善这些病理性角度。减少位于身体主轴前方的增大乳房的非生理性重量可能会纠正病理性脊柱成角和矢状平衡紊乱。
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