Figueiredo N, Gimenes M, de Miranda M D, Oliveira-Rebouças P
Depto de Ciências Biológicas, Univ Estadual de Feira de Santana Feira de Santana (UEFS), Feira de Santana, BA, Brasil.
Neotrop Entomol. 2013 Jun;42(3):252-7. doi: 10.1007/s13744-013-0121-9. Epub 2013 Mar 13.
Large bees such as species from Xylocopa Latreille are usually associated with pollination in tropical sand dune areas, which frequently present shrubby herbaceous vegetation adapted to conditions of high salinity, high solar radiation and strong winds. We report on the diversity of Xylocopa and the plants they visited to collect nectar and pollen, focusing on the floral syndromes they present in these plants and on the breadth of the trophic niche in a tropical sand dune fragment over the year. The field work was carried out monthly in Baixio (Bahia, Brazil; Northern Coast Environmental Protection Area) from April 2008 to March 2009, over two consecutive days, from 06:30 AM to 05:00 PM. The medium-large body sized Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) cearensis Ducke and Xylocopa (Schonnherria) subcyanea Pérez were noticeable for their frequency, constancy on the flowers and sharing of plant species. Xylocopa spp. visited plants with flowers of different shapes, colors, inflorescence arrangement and syndromes. However, their resource collections were mainly concentrated on Cuphea brachiata, Waltheria cinerascens, Croton sellowii and Chamaecrista ramosa, which may be considered key species for Xylocopa spp. maintenance in coastal sand dune and restinga environments in Northeast Brazil.
大型蜜蜂，如木蜂属（Xylocopa Latreille）的物种，通常与热带沙丘地区的授粉活动相关，这些地区经常生长着适应高盐度、高太阳辐射和强风条件的灌木草本植被。我们报告了木蜂属的多样性以及它们为采集花蜜和花粉而访问的植物，重点关注它们在这些植物上呈现的花部综合特征以及热带沙丘片段一年中的营养生态位宽度。实地工作于2008年4月至2009年3月期间每月在巴西巴伊亚州的拜肖（北海岸环境保护区）进行，连续两天，从上午06:30至下午05:00。中型至大型的巴西木蜂（Neoxylocopa）cearensis Ducke和蓝木蜂（Schonnherria）subcyanea Pérez因其出现频率、对花朵的专一性以及对植物种类的共享而引人注目。木蜂属物种访问了具有不同形状、颜色、花序排列和花部综合特征的花朵的植物。然而，它们的资源采集主要集中在腋花萼距花、灰白刺蒴麻、塞洛巴豆和多花决明上，这些植物可被视为巴西东北部沿海沙丘和滨海平原环境中木蜂属物种维持生存的关键物种。
