Emerole C G, Nneli R O
Optometry Unit, Eye Clinic, Federal Medical Centre, Owerri.
Niger J Physiol Sci. 2013 Jun 30;28(1):57-62.
This study assessed the visual profile of motor vehicle drivers in Owerri, Nigeria and to analyse the relationship between the various aspects of visual function in relation to road safety. A cross-sectional descriptive study of 150 commercial vehicles drivers and 130 private vehicles drivers was conducted between November 2005 and February 2006. Data were obtained using structured interviewer administered questionnaires and clinical examination was done. Standards procedures were used to determine visual indices. Data from the better eye (eye with a better visual acuity according to international and national standards) were reported, except in the analysis of near vision of the respondents. Twenty percent of the study group had normal visual acuity of ≥6/6 compared with 46.2% in the control group. The tonometric value in 88.0% and 93.1% of study and control groups respectively was less than 24mmHg. Both groups (96.8%) had normal confrontation visual field while 95.3% of study group and 97.7% of control group had normal colour vision. The most prevailing eye conditions that may reduce visual acuity were pterygium (51.3% in study group and 13.8% in the control group), retinopathy (16.7% of study group and 6.2% of control group) and glaucoma (12.0% and 6.9% of study and control groups respectively). Nineteen percent of the study group had regular eye examination compared with 38.5% in the control group. Alcohol consumption was 64.7% in the study group and 32.3% in the control group. Most of the commercial motor drivers in Owerri, Nigeria did not meet the Federal Road Safety Commission visual acuity standard for commercial motor drivers. Visual impairments and poor visibility are strongly associated with RTA among Nigerian motor vehicle drivers. Visual acuity and visual health care were poor among commercial motor drivers. There is need for renewed efforts to enforce a compulsory periodic visual examination for drivers, and to ensure that visual requirements for driving are met.
本研究评估了尼日利亚奥韦里机动车驾驶员的视力状况，并分析视觉功能各方面与道路安全之间的关系。2005年11月至2006年2月期间，对150名商用车驾驶员和130名私家车驾驶员进行了横断面描述性研究。通过结构化访谈问卷收集数据，并进行临床检查。采用标准程序确定视觉指标。除了对受访者近视力的分析外，报告的是较好眼（根据国际和国家标准视力较好的眼睛）的数据。研究组20%的人视力正常，≥6/6，而对照组为46.2%。研究组和对照组的眼压值分别有88.0%和93.1%低于24mmHg。两组（96.8%）的对侧视野正常，研究组95.3%和对照组97.7%的色觉正常。可能降低视力的最常见眼部疾病是翼状胬肉（研究组51.3%，对照组13.8%）、视网膜病变（研究组16.7%，对照组6.2%）和青光眼（研究组和对照组分别为12.0%和6.9%）。研究组19%的人定期进行眼部检查，而对照组为38.5%。研究组的饮酒率为64.7%，对照组为32.3%。尼日利亚奥韦里的大多数商用机动车驾驶员未达到联邦道路安全委员会规定的商用机动车驾驶员视力标准。视力障碍和能见度差与尼日利亚机动车驾驶员的道路交通事故密切相关。商用机动车驾驶员的视力和视觉保健状况较差。有必要重新努力强制驾驶员定期进行视力检查，并确保满足驾驶的视力要求。
