Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina-PR, Brazil.
Insect Sci. 2013 Jun;20(3):393-406. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2012.01509.x. Epub 2012 Jul 23.
We used dung beetles to evaluate the impact of urbanization on insect biodiversity in three Atlantic Forest fragments in Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. This study provides the first empirical evidence of the impact of urbanization on richness, abundance, composition and guild structure of dung beetle communities from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We evaluated the community aspects (abundance, richness, composition and food guilds) of dung beetles in fragments with different degrees of immersion in the urban matrix using pitfall traps with four alternative baits (rotten meat, rotten fish, pig dung and decaying banana). A total of 1 719 individuals were collected, belonging to 29 species from 11 genera and six Scarabaeinae tribes. The most urban-immersed fragment showed a higher species dominance and the beetle community captured on dung presented the greatest evenness. The beetle communities were distinct with respect to the fragments and feeding habits. Except for the dung beetle assemblage in the most urbanized forest fragment, all others exhibited contrasting differences in species composition attracted to each bait type. Our results clearly show that the degree of urbanization affects Atlantic Forest dung beetle communities and that the preservation of forest fragments inside the cities, even small ones, can provide refuges for Scarabaeinae.
我们使用蜣螂来评估城市化对巴西朗多尼亚州大西洋森林三个片段中昆虫生物多样性的影响。本研究首次提供了实证证据，证明城市化对来自巴西大西洋森林的蜣螂群落的丰富度、丰度、组成和食性结构有影响。我们使用带有四种替代诱饵（腐肉、腐鱼、猪粪和腐烂香蕉）的陷阱评估了城市化程度不同的片段中蜣螂的群落方面（丰度、丰富度、组成和食性群）。共收集到 1719 只个体，隶属于 11 个属和六个粪金龟亚科的 29 个种。最城市化的片段表现出更高的物种优势，而以粪便为食的甲虫群落表现出更高的均匀度。根据片段和摄食习性，甲虫群落是不同的。除了最城市化森林片段中的蜣螂群落外，其他所有群落对每种诱饵类型吸引的物种组成都表现出显著差异。我们的研究结果清楚地表明，城市化程度会影响大西洋森林的蜣螂群落，即使是在城市内部保留小的森林片段也可以为蜣螂科昆虫提供庇护所。
