Stahl Christoph, Voss Andreas, Schmitz Florian, Nuszbaum Mandy, Tüscher Oliver, Lieb Klaus, Klauer Karl Christoph
Department of Psychology, University of Cologne.
Institute of Psychology, Ruprecht- Karls-University Heidelberg.
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2014 Apr;143(2):850-86. doi: 10.1037/a0033981. Epub 2013 Aug 19.
Acting in accord with long-term goals requires control of interfering impulses, the success of which depends on several different processes. Using a structural-equation modeling approach, we investigated 5 behavioral components of impulsivity: the control of stimulus interference, proactive interference, and response interference, as well as decisional and motivational impulsivity. Results support the existence of 5 correlated but separable components of impulsive behavior. The present study is the 1st to demonstrate the separability of stimulus and response interference. It also supports the notion that control of response-related interference is not a unitary construct: Response-selection demands were separable from those of withholding or stopping. Relations between behavioral impulsivity components and self-report measures of impulsivity were largely absent. We conclude that as the construct of impulsivity has been extended to describe an increasingly diverse set of phenomena and processes, it has become too broad to be helpful in guiding future research.
按照长期目标行事需要控制干扰冲动，而这一过程的成功取决于几个不同的因素。我们采用结构方程建模方法，研究了冲动性的5个行为成分：刺激干扰控制、前摄干扰控制、反应干扰控制，以及决策冲动性和动机冲动性。结果支持冲动行为存在5个相互关联但可分离的成分。本研究首次证明了刺激干扰和反应干扰的可分离性。它还支持这样一种观点，即与反应相关的干扰控制不是一个单一的结构：反应选择需求与抑制或停止需求是可分离的。行为冲动性成分与冲动性的自我报告测量之间基本不存在关联。我们得出结论，随着冲动性这一概念已被扩展以描述越来越多样的现象和过程，它变得过于宽泛，无法有助于指导未来的研究。
