Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
Chem Soc Rev. 2014 Nov 21;43(22):7718-45. doi: 10.1039/c3cs60130g.
Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs), in which microorganisms are utilized as a self-regenerable catalyst at the anode of an electrochemical cell to directly extract electrical energy from organic matter, have been widely recognized as a promising technology for energy-efficient wastewater treatment or even for net energy generation. However, currently BES performance is constrained by poor cathode reaction kinetics. Thus, there is a strong impetus to improve the cathodic catalysis performance through proper selection and design of catalysts. This review introduces the fundamentals and current development status of various cathodic catalysts (including electrocatalysts, photoelectrocatalysts and bioelectrocatalysts) in BES, identifies their limitations and influential factors, compares their catalytic performances in terms of catalytic efficiency, stability, selectivity, etc., and discusses the possible optimization strategies and future research directions. Special focus is given on the analysis of how the catalytic performance of different catalysts can be improved by fine tuning their physicochemical or physiological properties.
生物电化学系统（BES）利用微生物作为电化学电池阳极中的自再生催化剂，直接从有机物中提取电能，已被广泛认为是一种很有前途的节能废水处理技术，甚至可以用于净发电。然而，目前 BES 的性能受到阴极反应动力学不佳的限制。因此，通过适当选择和设计催化剂，提高阴极催化性能的动力非常强烈。本综述介绍了 BES 中各种阴极催化剂（包括电催化剂、光电催化剂和生物电催化剂）的基本原理和最新发展状况，确定了它们的局限性和影响因素，比较了它们在催化效率、稳定性、选择性等方面的催化性能，并讨论了可能的优化策略和未来的研究方向。特别关注分析如何通过精细调整不同催化剂的物理化学或生理特性来提高其催化性能。
