Watcharawit R, Soonwera M
Entomology and Environment Program, Plant Production Technology Section, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Chalong Krung Road, Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand.
Trop Biomed. 2013 Jun;30(2):315-24.
Human head lice infestation is an important public health problem in Thailand. Lice resistance is increasing, chemical pediculicides have lost their efficacy and thus alternative products such as herbal shampoos have been proposed to treat lice infestation. The present study investigated the efficacy of twenty nine herbal shampoos based on zinbiberaceae plants, piperaceae plants and native plants against human head lice and compared them with malathion shampoo (A-lices shampoo®: 1% w/v malathion) and commercial shampoo (BabiMild Natural'N Mild®) in order to assess their in vitro efficacy. All herbal shampoo were more effective than commercial shampoo with 100% mortality at 60 seconds and LT50 values ranged from 11.30 to 31.97 seconds, meanwhile, commercial shampoo caused 14.0-15.0% mortality and LT50 values ranged from 83.96 to 87.43 seconds. The nine herbal shampoos from Zingiber cassumunar, Piper betle, Piper ribesioides, Averrhoa bilimbi, Clitoria ternatea, Plectranthus amboincus, Myristica fragrans, Tacca chantrieri and Zanthoxylum limonella were more effective pediculicide than malathion shampoo with 100% mortality at 30 seconds and LT50 values ranged from 11.30-13.58 seconds, on the other hand malathion shampoo showed LT50 values ranging from 12.39 to 13.67 seconds. LT50 values indicated the order of pediculicidal activity in the herbal shampoos as Z. cassumunar shampoo > P. betle shampoo > Za. limonella shampoo > Av. bilimbi shampoo > P. ribesioides shampoo > My. fragrans shampoo > T. chantrieri shampoo > Pl. amboincus shampoo. Our data showed that eight of the twenty nine herbal shampoos in this study were of high potential pediculicide to human head lice treatments for Thai children.
人头虱感染是泰国一个重要的公共卫生问题。虱子的抗药性在增强，化学灭虱剂已失去效力，因此有人提议使用草药洗发水等替代产品来治疗虱子感染。本研究调查了29种基于姜科植物、胡椒科植物和本地植物的草药洗发水对人头虱的疗效，并将它们与马拉硫磷洗发水（A-lices洗发水®：1% w/v马拉硫磷）和商业洗发水（BabiMild Natural'N Mild®）进行比较，以评估它们的体外疗效。所有草药洗发水都比商业洗发水更有效，在60秒时死亡率达100%，LT50值在11.30至31.97秒之间，而商业洗发水的死亡率为14.0 - 15.0%，LT50值在83.96至87.43秒之间。来自莪术、蒌叶、大叶蒌叶、杨桃、蝶豆、广藿香、肉豆蔻、箭根薯和山鸡椒的9种草药洗发水作为灭虱剂比马拉硫磷洗发水更有效，在30秒时死亡率达100%，LT50值在11.30 - 13.58秒之间，另一方面，马拉硫磷洗发水的LT50值在12.39至13.67秒之间。LT50值表明草药洗发水中灭虱活性的顺序为：莪术洗发水>蒌叶洗发水>山鸡椒洗发水>杨桃洗发水>大叶蒌叶洗发水>肉豆蔻洗发水>箭根薯洗发水>广藿香洗发水。我们的数据表明，本研究中的29种草药洗发水中有8种对泰国儿童治疗人头虱具有很高的潜在灭虱效果。
