Tarakji Bassel, Nassani Mohammad Zakaria
Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria ; Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Science, Al-Farabi Dental College, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi Dent J. 2012 Jan;24(1):11-5. doi: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2011.11.003. Epub 2011 Dec 8.
The aim of this article is to determine factors associated with hematoma during placement of dental implants in the anterior mandible and to provide the dental practitioner with preventive measures to avoid such a life-threatening complication.
All available clinical case studies from (1986 to 2010) published in English or with English abstract were reviewed and analyzed.
Nineteen studies have been identified and written in the literature. Most of the reported studies were case series and they showed that hematoma is a very rare complication, but general dental practitioners do not pay attention to the significance of the mandible anatomy in the anterior area and the possibility of perforation of the lingual cortex during placement of the dental implants in that position.
The use of dental CT in planning the implant treatment coupled with accurate determination of implant length in order to provide detailed data about the mandible anatomy are highly recommended to avoid the occurrence of hematoma in the floor of the mouth and the airway obstruction that may lead to death during placement of dental implants in the anterior mandible.
本文旨在确定下颌前部牙种植体植入过程中与血肿相关的因素，并为牙科医生提供预防措施，以避免这种危及生命的并发症。
对1986年至2010年期间发表的所有可用英文或带有英文摘要的临床病例研究进行回顾和分析。
已在文献中确定并撰写了19项研究。大多数报道的研究都是病例系列，它们表明血肿是一种非常罕见的并发症，但普通牙科医生并不关注下颌前部区域的解剖结构意义以及在该位置植入牙种植体时舌侧皮质穿孔的可能性。
强烈建议在种植治疗计划中使用牙科CT并准确确定种植体长度，以提供有关下颌骨解剖结构的详细数据，从而避免在下颌前部植入牙种植体时发生口底血肿和可能导致死亡的气道阻塞。
