Liang X, Jacobs R, Lambrichts I
Oral Imaging Centre and Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2006 Mar;28(1):98-104. doi: 10.1007/s00276-005-0055-y. Epub 2005 Dec 9.
To characterise the superior as well as the inferior genial spinal foramen and their bony canal using a large CT data sample. The study included 555 mandibular spirals CT scans, taken from patients for pre-operative implant planning. Basic observation by three observers included the number of canals, their respective anatomical location and morphological variations. Furthermore, linear measurements were performed to describe the foramina and canal characteristics. On spiral CT scans, the superior and inferior genial spinal foramina were detected in 448 CT scans (81%). In 29% of the mandibular CTs, two or more midline canals were noted. 47% of the foramina were located in a position inferior to the genial spines; the others were located in a superior position. The mean (SD) lingual and buccal diameters of the canal structures were 0.73 (0.27) and 0.54 (0.29) mm, respectively with an average length of 3.94 (1.29) mm. The canal was located on average 7.40 (5.31) mm from the mandibular base at the lingual entrance and 7.96 (3.47) mm at the buccal canal end point. The average canal extended towards the buccal bone for an average 37% of the bone width. The results demonstrated the presence of both superior and inferior genial spinal foramina, with 29% of the individuals having double foramina. About 53% of the foramina was located superior to the genial spines. Considering its neurovascular content, these foramina should be carefully evaluated during pre-operative planning.
利用大量CT数据样本对颏棘上、下孔及其骨管进行特征描述。该研究纳入了555例下颌螺旋CT扫描，这些扫描取自患者用于术前种植体规划。三名观察者的基本观察内容包括管的数量、各自的解剖位置和形态变异。此外，还进行了线性测量以描述孔和管的特征。在螺旋CT扫描中，448例CT扫描（81%）检测到颏棘上、下孔。在29%的下颌CT中，发现两条或更多的中线管。47%的孔位于颏棘下方；其他的位于上方。管结构的平均（标准差）舌侧和颊侧直径分别为0.73（0.27）和0.54（0.29）mm，平均长度为3.94（1.29）mm。管在舌侧入口处距下颌骨基部平均7.40（5.31）mm，在颊侧管端点处距下颌骨基部平均7.96（3.47）mm。平均而言，管向颊侧骨延伸的距离平均占骨宽度的37%。结果表明存在颏棘上、下孔，29%的个体有双孔。约53%的孔位于颏棘上方。考虑到其神经血管内容物，在术前规划期间应对这些孔进行仔细评估。
