Lardhi Amer Abdullah
Department of Pediatrics, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia.
J Saudi Heart Assoc. 2010 Jan;22(1):25-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jsha.2010.03.005. Epub 2010 Mar 10.
To determine the prevalence and clinical impact of murmurs detected during routine physical examination in neonates.
In a 4 years retrospective study, 6333 healthy newborn babies were screened for the presence of a heart murmur during routine neonatal physical examination. Prematures or those who were admitted to neonatal intensive care unit or any neonate with a risk factor that is known to be associated with increased incidence of congenital heart disease were excluded from the study. All those with murmurs underwent echocardiography examination and color Doppler study.
Murmurs were detected in 87 neonate (1.37%) of whom 37 (42.5%) had a structural cardiac malformation. Ventricular septal defect (62%) was the most common diagnosis, followed by atrial septal defect, pulmonary stenosis and patent ductus arteriosus.
The prevalence of heart murmur was 13.7 per 1000 neonate. If a murmur is heard there is a (42.5%) chance of their being underlying structural defects. Therefore, detection of a murmur should prompt early referral for investigation and diagnosis or appropriate family reassurance.
确定新生儿常规体格检查时发现的心脏杂音的患病率及其临床影响。
在一项为期4年的回顾性研究中，对6333名健康新生儿在常规新生儿体格检查期间进行心脏杂音筛查。早产婴儿、入住新生儿重症监护病房的婴儿或任何已知与先天性心脏病发病率增加相关的危险因素的新生儿被排除在研究之外。所有有杂音的婴儿均接受了超声心动图检查和彩色多普勒检查。
87名新生儿（1.37%）检测到心脏杂音，其中37名（42.5%）有心脏结构畸形。室间隔缺损（62%）是最常见的诊断，其次是房间隔缺损、肺动脉狭窄和动脉导管未闭。
心脏杂音的患病率为每1000名新生儿中有13.7例。如果听到杂音，他们有（42.5%）的几率存在潜在的结构缺陷。因此，发现杂音应促使尽早转诊进行检查和诊断，或给予家属适当的安慰。
