Acosta E, Richard Simon J
a Department of Psychology , The University of Iowa.
J Mot Behav. 1976 Sep;8(3):181-7. doi: 10.1080/00222895.1976.10735070.
The Sternberg (1969) additive factor method was used to determine whether the stimulus encoding stage was affected by an irrelevant auditory stimulus presented during a visual choice reaction time task. Subjects responded to an X or an O by pressing a left-or right-hand key. Onset of this visual stimulus was accompanied by a tone to the left, right, or both ears. Reactions were slower when the locus of the tone did not correspond with the side of the response than when it did correspond. Manipulation of the quality of the visual stimulus, assumed to affect the stimulus encoding stage, did not alter the effect of the irrelevant auditory cue. In a parallel experiment, the same stimuli were used, but the responses employed were "neutral" with respect to the source of the tone. This alteration of response selection operations eliminated the effect of the auditory cue. Findings, then, suggested that irrelevant information did not affect the stimulus encoding stage but, instead, affected the response selection stage of processing.
采用斯滕伯格（1969）的相加因素法，以确定在视觉选择反应时任务中呈现的无关听觉刺激是否会影响刺激编码阶段。受试者通过按左手或右手按键对X或O做出反应。此视觉刺激开始时会伴随左耳、右耳或双耳发出的音调。当音调的位置与反应的一侧不对应时，反应比对应时更慢。假定会影响刺激编码阶段的视觉刺激质量的操纵，并未改变无关听觉线索的效果。在一个平行实验中，使用了相同的刺激，但所采用的反应对于音调来源是“中性的”。这种反应选择操作的改变消除了听觉线索的效果。因此，研究结果表明，无关信息不会影响刺激编码阶段，而是会影响加工的反应选择阶段。
