Zorzi M, Umiltà C
Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università di Trieste, Italy.
Psychol Res. 1995;58(3):193-205. doi: 10.1007/BF00419634.
Even though stimulus location is task irrelevant, reaction times are faster when the location of the stimulus corresponds with the location of the response than when it does not. This phenomenon is called the Simon effect. Most accounts of the Simon effect are based on the assumption that it arises from a conflict between the spatial code of the stimulus and that of the response. In this paper a computational model of this hypothesis is presented. It provides a computationally explicit mechanism of the Simon effect. Consistent with human performance, the model provides reaction times that indicate both an advantage for the ipsilateral, corresponding response (i.e., facilitation) and a disadvantage of the contralateral, noncorresponding response (i.e., inhibition). In addition, the model accounts for the fact that the size for the effect depends on task difficulty.
尽管刺激位置与任务无关，但当刺激位置与反应位置相对应时，反应时间比不对应时更快。这种现象被称为西蒙效应。大多数关于西蒙效应的解释都基于这样一种假设，即它源于刺激的空间编码与反应的空间编码之间的冲突。本文提出了这一假设的计算模型。它提供了西蒙效应的一种计算上明确的机制。与人类表现一致，该模型给出的反应时间既表明同侧对应反应具有优势（即促进作用），也表明对侧非对应反应具有劣势（即抑制作用）。此外，该模型解释了效应大小取决于任务难度这一事实。
