[Perioperative complications in at-risk patients undergoing heart valve surgery].

The success of operations of the replacement of heart valves is disturbed by perioperative complications and early lethality. A valuation of the perioperative risk individually of patients with operations of the replacement of heart valves according to defined subgroups is controlled by the perioperative course. In order to achieve the registration of patients with perioperative lesion of the myocardium and/or low output syndrome, the bedside performance of a marker protein monitoring consisting of enzymes/isoenzymes (CK, CK-MB, ALAT) and the muscle protein myoglobin, respectively, is necessary. In 38% of the patients with operation of the replacement of heart valves the preoperative risk constellation was objectified early-postoperatively with the proof of complication and thus the strategy of the preoperative individual valuation of the risk confirmed. Altogether patients with replacement of the aortic valve showed the smallest rate of perioperative complications in comparison to patients with replacement of the mitral valve (re-operation in replacement of the mitral valve, double valve replacement, replacement of the mitral valve with restricted left-ventricular function).