Washington University.
J Cogn Neurosci. 1991 Summer;3(3):231-41. doi: 10.1162/jocn.1991.3.3.231.
Abstract Positron emission tomographic (PET) studies of normal humans undergoing specific cognitive activation paradigms have identified a region of the anterior cingulate cortex as a component of an anterior, midline attentional system involved in high-level processing selection. However, deficits in attention have not been demonstrated in patients following bilateral anterior cingulotomy, a procedure that results in lesions of adjacent anterior cingulate cortex. Task paradigms used in PET studies that recruit the anterior cingulate cortex were applied to normal, control subjects and to a patient before and after cingulotomy to provide highly sensitive and functionally targeted reaction time measures of attentional performance. In contrast to unchanged performance in several neuropsychological measures, this patient demonstrated specific deficits in attention during the subacute postoperative period, which resolved spontaneously several months after surgery. Such impairment is consistent with the evolving view of the anterior cingulate's involvement in high-level processing selection. These data show the feasibility of using information from PET activation studies of normals in the design of novel chronometric tasks useful for probing abnormalities in specific cognitive operations associated with discrete cortical regions.
摘要 对接受特定认知激活范式的正常人类进行正电子发射断层扫描 (PET) 研究，确定了前扣带皮层的一个区域是涉及高级处理选择的前中线注意力系统的一个组成部分。然而，在接受双侧前扣带切开术的患者中并未表现出注意力缺陷，该手术会导致相邻前扣带皮层的损伤。在 PET 研究中用于募集前扣带皮层的任务范式被应用于正常对照受试者和前扣带切开术前后的患者，以提供高度敏感和功能靶向的注意力表现反应时间测量。与几个神经心理学测量中的未改变的表现形成对比，该患者在亚急性术后期间表现出特定的注意力缺陷，这在手术后几个月内自发地解决了。这种损伤与前扣带在高级处理选择中的参与作用的发展观点一致。这些数据表明，使用来自正常个体的 PET 激活研究的信息来设计有用的新计时任务以探测与离散皮质区域相关的特定认知操作中的异常是可行的。
