Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
J Cogn Neurosci. 1992 Summer;4(3):217-31. doi: 10.1162/jocn.1992.4.3.217.
Abstract Theoretical arguments and empirical data are presented in favor of the hypothesis that the hippocampal system supports a declarative memory capacity in animals as well as humans. This view is advanced by identifying two prominent characteristics of human declarative memory and by operationalizing and evaluating them using both experimental lesion and single unit recording studies on animals. First, hippocampal processing is not selective to any particular category of learning materials; instead, it supports comparisons among all kinds of information in memory, resulting in a representation of critical relations between items. Conversely, individual representations are supported outside the hippocampal system. Second, hippocampal-dependent, relational memory representations involve a flexible organization that permits inferences from memory in novel situations. Conversely, hippocampal-independent individual representations can support only repetition of procedures acquired during original learning. Correspondences between the neuropsychological and neurophysiological findings presented serve to indicate how these properties of hippocampal representation support declarative memory across behavioral paradigms and across species.
摘要 理论观点和经验数据都支持这样一种假设，即海马系统在动物和人类中都支持陈述性记忆能力。这一观点是通过识别人类陈述性记忆的两个突出特征，并通过对动物进行实验性损伤和单细胞记录研究来操作和评估这些特征来提出的。首先，海马处理对任何特定类别的学习材料都没有选择性；相反，它支持记忆中各种信息之间的比较，从而形成了项目之间关键关系的表示。相反，个体表示则由海马系统以外的系统支持。其次，海马依赖的关系记忆表示涉及一种灵活的组织，允许根据新情况从记忆中进行推断。相反，海马不依赖的个体表示只能支持在原始学习过程中获得的程序的重复。呈现的神经心理学和神经生理学发现之间的对应关系表明，这些海马表示的特性如何在行为范式和物种之间支持陈述性记忆。
