Departments of Pediatrics and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine, and the Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Aug;122(2 Pt 1):370-373. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31829a2c70.
In the United States, major epidemics of pertussis or whooping cough have occurred in the last 5 years making this disease a major public health issue. The adolescent and adult populations are the major transmitters of disease to the community. However, these epidemics have had the greatest effect on the young infant population resulting in high rates of hospitalizations and complications and accounting for 100% of the mortality. Optimization of vaccine recommendations is a strategy that is critically important as a method to control the disease burden and decrease the transmission of disease to the young infant population. Immunization that is focused on the close contacts of these young infants (the cocoon strategy) is felt to be one of the main cornerstones to vaccine optimization with the immunization of pregnant women being critical. Transmission studies have shown that adolescent and adult close contacts, especially new mothers, are the source of disease transmission to their young infants in more than 50% of the cases. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists strongly recommend that the tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis booster vaccine be given to pregnant women during each pregnancy between 27 weeks and 36 weeks of gestation to protect their infant against pertussis disease.
在美国，过去 5 年内曾发生过百日咳或百日咳的大流行，使该病成为一个主要的公共卫生问题。青少年和成年人群体是向社区传播疾病的主要媒介。然而，这些流行病对婴儿群体的影响最大，导致高住院率和并发症，并且占 100%的死亡率。优化疫苗接种建议是一项至关重要的策略，是控制疾病负担和减少疾病向婴儿群体传播的方法。免疫接种专注于这些婴儿的密切接触者（“茧”策略）被认为是疫苗优化的主要基石之一，孕妇的免疫接种至关重要。传播研究表明，青少年和成年密切接触者，特别是新妈妈，在超过 50%的情况下是将疾病传播给其婴儿的来源。疾病控制与预防中心和美国妇产科医师学会强烈建议在妊娠 27 周到 36 周期间，每个孕妇都应接种破伤风类毒素、白喉类毒素和无细胞百日咳加强疫苗，以保护其婴儿免受百日咳疾病的侵害。
