Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2013 Aug;9(8):739-49. doi: 10.1586/1744666X.2013.814428.
'Alarmins' are a group of endogenous proteins or molecules that are released from cells during cellular demise to alert the host innate immune system. Two of them, high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) and IL-33 shared many similarities of cellular localization, functions and involvement in various inflammatory diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The expressions of HMGB1 and IL-33, and their corresponding receptors RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end products) and ST2, respectively, are substantially upregulated in patients with lupus nephritis (LN). This review highlights the emerging roles of alarmin proteins in various pathologies of LN, by focusing on classical HMGB1 and a newly discovered alarmin IL-33.
“警报素”是一组内源性蛋白质或分子，在细胞死亡时从细胞中释放出来，以提醒宿主固有免疫系统。其中两种，高迁移率族蛋白 B1（HMGB1）和白细胞介素 33（IL-33），在细胞定位、功能以及在包括系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）在内的各种炎症性疾病中的作用上有许多相似之处。HMGB1 和 IL-33 的表达及其相应的受体 RAGE（晚期糖基化终产物受体）和 ST2 在狼疮肾炎（LN）患者中均显著上调。本综述通过关注经典的 HMGB1 和新发现的警报素 IL-33，强调了警报素蛋白在 LN 各种病理中的新作用。
